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1. The aquaculture sea area of ​​the breeding site was selected to be located in the waters near the peach tree on the west side of Laiwu Island of Chenghai City with a smooth current and moderate wave. The sediment is sandy and is conducive to enhancing the holding force of the anchor. The minimum tide level is 5.0 meters deep. Tidal range 1.5 meters. Farming area 25 mu.
2. Breeding tools.
(1) Attaching the seedlings using bamboo instead of wire as the spore attachment device for the spores of the seaweed. The bamboo pieces are 160 cm long, 1.5 cm wide and 1.0 cm thick. They are made of bamboo of 2 years old. Both ends of the bamboo piece are fixed by two floating stems to form a mesh structure. The gap between the two bamboo pieces is 10-12 cm. Each 50 bamboo pieces is a mesh piece, and each bamboo net is 6 meters long.
(2) The float is cut into 160 cm strips using foam trimmings. In the middle, a bamboo buoy of 15 cm in diameter and 170 cm in length is used as a cylindrical buoy with a diameter of 35 cm.
(3) Instead of wood piles, 10 kg anchors are used, and floating stems and anchor cables are made of 450 wire x 3 polyethylene ropes.
(4) 30 silk x 3 polyethylene ropes are used for the slings and the tying ropes.
3. The culture truss is designed to include floating buoys, buoys, and fixed bases. The truss is connected to a floating truss. Each truss has 12 mesh slats separated by 40 cm. Each end of the floating truss The tying of the buoys is simple, so that the frige can float on the surface of the sea. Each truss has 2 anchor cables for connecting the anchors and floating buoys. The length of the mooring cables is 2 times the depth of the water during the high tide. The setting of the floating raft is conducive to the growth of seaweed, the convenience of production management, the rational use of the sea area, and the safety of the truss. The direction of the floating raft is parallel to the direction of the main wind wave, otherwise it is easily overturned by wind and waves. In order to facilitate the production management and operation, the pitch distance is kept 4-5 meters.
Second, technology and measures
1. Picking seedlings
(1) The temperature of the sea area at the time of picking is 20-25 qC, with a specific gravity of 1.018 or more, so as to avoid picking seedlings on rainy days.
(2) Preparation of Seedlings The water tank used for picking seedlings should be disinfected and cleaned in advance, and be filled with fresh seawater. Bamboo nets should be soaked for more than 2 hours to remove impurities from the bamboo pieces.
(3) Attachment of the spores The mature seedling shells will be removed from the nursery room in the afternoon and then put into net bags. At night, they will be put into the sea area with wave stimulation. Do not sink, tides will emerge, and shells will be picked up before 5 o'clock in the morning. Put it in a prepared sink, cool it with ice and cool it down. Set a waterwheel propeller in the sink and use the impeller of the propeller to stir and turn the seedlings in the pool to stimulate the full release of the seedling spores. Into the bamboo net with seedlings, fully attached evenly after 3 o'clock in the afternoon and picked up into the clear water pool overnight, the next day according to the above procedure to repeat once, then the bamboo net picked up directly to the breeding area.
(4) The time of collecting seedlings was September 22, 2002.
2. Cultivation management measures
(1) Management of seedling stage After the seedlings are harvested, they are released to the sea for 40-45 days (20-25 cm long) of the first harvest. This period is mainly to increase the seedling rate (ie, the germination rate), and to promote seedling early growth. , fast hair, complete, less seedlings, reduce parasitic algae, this period is the key to the development process. In the deep-water floating raft culture, the bamboo nets are transported in bamboo nets or rakes to the shore and opened to the sun. However, bamboo nets cannot be transported to the shore every day. Therefore, when the seedlings are raised in the sea, they must be grounded and dried. Every two days, a thousand nets should be dried for 2-3 hours. After the sprouts of seaweed germinate, the net interval and bamboo nets are gradually extended. Pieces of time, generally dry out every 3-5 days 1, drying net 3-5 hours, in order to ensure the normal growth of algae bodies.
{2) Management of Harvesting Period After collecting seedlings, after about 45 days of stocking, when the length of seaweed grows to 20-25 cm, Bei He harvests. This period is the key to guaranteeing the quality and output of the laver products. Grasping should be mastered. The proportion of cuts should be properly controlled at the time of harvesting, because the laver leaves remaining on the bamboo can grow again. The first harvesting cuts off the algae. 2/3 long. Seaweed is a kind of algae such as internodes, which absorbs nutrients by photosynthesis in the water, and produces cells that grow into algae. If improperly cut, it will affect the yield. If the laver is too dense on the bamboo strips, it can be picked up. With the right hand, it should be 10 cm away from the head of the dish, and the length should be shortened and left short. The laver should be properly removed and the algae body should be grown to improve the yield and quality.
3. Disease prevention and treatment
(1) Encroachment of fish by enemy fish is one of the major factors affecting the production of seaweed. In winter, due to the high water temperature in the shallow water area and the rich bait, the small fishes are mainly foraging in the shallows and reef areas. The use of deep-sea waters to cultivate seaweed just escapes the foraging areas of the predatory fish. After two years of trials, No obvious fish-eaten seaweed was found.
(2) The prevention of plant-borne enemies is mainly caused by the growth of algae such as epiphytic diatoms and canola, which affect the growth of laver. The prevention and control measures are to utilize the characteristics of other hetero-algae's ability to resist being inferior to that of laver, increase the drying time, and burn other epiphytic algae to death. By controlling the time of bamboo net dehydration, the therapeutic effect can be achieved.
(3) Both conditions are mainly continuous and rainy days in the breeding farms. The salinity of the sea surface changes greatly, and the disease resistance of the seaweed weakens. The bacteria invade the human body, causing the needle-like discoloration dots to appear on the algae and gradually expanding into white. Round spot.
Prevention and control measures are to extend the drying time of the algae to more than 12-14 hours per day, and have inhibition/effect on the bacteria. 3. The test results are formed after 45 days, and the first dish is harvested on October 23, the harvest time. 65 days, the total output of dried laver products 3150 kg, the total output value of 177,500 yuan. Among them, 750 kilograms of leeks are sold at an average price of 90 yuan/kg, 1180 kilograms of leeks, an average selling price of 56 yuan/kg, and 1220 kilograms of leeks, with an average selling price of 36 yuan/kg. The average yield of 126 kilograms per mu is 7,100 yuan per mu, after deducting the production cost of 2,200 yuan per mu and the net profit of 4,900 yuan per mu.
IV. Discussion
1. The success of this experiment has broken through the long-term restrictions on the aquaculture production of seaweed in Chenghai and broadened the breeding space.
2. At the same time, in the pre-culture period where the seedlings are released to the sea, deep-sea waters are 3 to 5 degrees cooler than the shallow waters, and they are relatively stable, which is favorable to the growth of early seaweed algae. As far as the production of seaweed this year in Chenghai City is concerned, deep-sea floating raft-cultivated laver is harvested for the first time 10-12 days earlier than the shallow-banking cultivation, which is conducive to prolonging the time of harvesting head leeks and increasing quality. The proportion of vegetables, so that the output value per acre higher than the shallow aquaculture
150-500 yuan.
3. The use of bamboo instead of fiber mesh attached to seedlings facilitates the establishment and production of farming trusses, reduces labor intensity, saves labor costs, and improves production efficiency.
4. We must pay attention to the cultivation and management of seaweed during harvest. The length of the harvest period is not only affected by the weather, but also closely related to the technical level of management personnel. Whether or not the management is properly affected directly affects the harvest of seaweed harvest. It is necessary to insist on picking and picking, control the quantity of each harvest, and flexibly grasp the time of drying the net according to the weather and sea conditions, promote the growth of algae, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
Function Type: cleanser, cleanser
First, the basic situation