Vitamins:
Vitamin A:
Retinol. Carotene compounds responsible for transmitting light sensation in the
retina of the eye. Deficiency leads to night blindness.
Beta carotene: An
antioxidant which protects cells against oxidation damage that can lead to cancer.
Beta carotene is converted, as needed, to vitamin A. Food sources of beta
carotene include vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach and other
leafy green vegetables; and fruit such as cantaloupes and apricots. Excessive
carotene in the diet can temporarily yellow the skin, a condition called
carotenemia, commonly seen in infants fed largely mushed carrots.
Vitamin B1:
Thiamin, acts as a coenzyme in body metabolism. Deficiency leads to beriberi, a
disease of the heart and nervous system.
Vitamin B2:
Riboflavin, essential for the reactions of coenzymes. Deficiency causes
inflammation of the lining of the mouth and skin.
Vitamin B3:
Niacin, an essential part of coenzymes of body metabolism. Deficiency causes
inflammation of the skin, vagina, rectum and mouth, as well as mental slowing.
Vitamin B6:
Pyridoxine, a cofactor for enzymes. Deficiency leads to inflammation of the
skin and mouth, nausea, vomiting, dizziness , weakness and anemia.
Folate (folic
acid): Folic acid is an important factor in nucleic acid synthesis (the genetic
material). Folate deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia.
Vitamin B12: An
essential factor in nucleic acid synthesis (the genetic material of all cells).
Deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia, as can be seen in pernicious anemia.
Vitamin C:
Ascorbic acid, important in the synthesis of collagen, the framework protein
for tissues of the body. Deficiency leads to scurvy, characterized by fragile
capillaries, poor wound healing, and bone deformity in children.
Vitamin D: A
steroid vitamin which promotes absorption and metabolism of calcium and
phosphorus. Under normal conditions of sunlight exposure, no dietary
supplementation is necessary because sunlight promotes adequate vitamin D
synthesis in the skin. Deficiency can lead to osteomalacia in adults and bone
deformity (rickets) in children.
Vitamin E:
Deficiency can lead to anemia.
Vitamin K: An
essential factor in the formation of blood clotting factors. Deficiency can
lead to abnormal bleeding.
Nutritions:
For the treatment
of nutritional disease, any of the nutrient-related diseases and conditions
that cause illness in humans. They may include deficiencies or excesses in the
diet, obesity and eating disorders, and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular
disease, hypertension, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. Nutritional diseases also
include developmental abnormalities that can be prevented by diet, hereditary
metabolic disorders that respond to dietary treatment, the interaction of foods
and nutrients with drugs, food allergies and intolerances, and potential
hazards in the food supply. All of these categories are described in this
article. For a discussion of essential nutrients, dietary recommendations, and
human nutritional needs and concerns throughout the life cycle, see nutrition,
human.
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Preparation for goslings before brooding
1. Preparation of brooding sheds: Before brooding, clean and disinfect the interior and surrounding environment. Prepare the stove and keep warm. Make sure that there is plenty of light and good insulation, prevent thieves from the wind, block rat holes, and prevent rat damage. There is a disinfection tank at the entrance.
2. Brooding equipment preparation: brooding equipment such as lap boards, food troughs, water basins, etc. to be prepared, it is best to use 5% hot alkali wash. The grass mats should be dry, soft and non-rot, and straw is best. The thermometer was hung on the brooder wall.
3. Brooding preparations: such as poultry, glucose, vitamin C, iodine-containing salt, potassium permanganate, penicillin, gentamicin, furazolidone, anthelmintic and so on.
4. Ready for brooding feed: The best gosling special material, cornmeal, no mildew.
5. Brooding methods: It is recommended that the best bedding is raised, and keep warm.
6. Vaccine preparation: gosling sera, gosling attenuated vaccine.
7. Train brooding staff.
8. Good preparation for the transportation of goslings. Attention should be paid to the heat preservation of goslings to avoid crushing and sweating.
Daily feeding and management during brooding
1. After goslings go into the house: First, drink water early, and you want to call the tide mouth, drinking water with warm water (about 25°C), and you should prevent diarrhea. Each gosling needs to drink water, and then drink freely. The water level of the basin is preferably 3cm.
2, in a timely manner to eat; generally 24 - 36 hours after hatching open food, that is, the young geese can drink after about 1 hour after drinking the tide water.
3, 1-3 days of age: She temperature requirements 30 °C -28 °C, humidity 60% -65%, geese to 20-25 / m2, feeding 6-8 times a day (at night to feed 1-2 times) , The starter diet is mixed with Qingjing, requiring fresh and easy to digest. The feed should be 65%-70% with green material and 30%-35% with compound feed. You can also use cornmeal, broken rice or millet (soaked in water for more than 2 hours). The amount of food to be fed was 1000 kg of goslings for 1 day, 5 kg of green material, and 2.5 kg of concentrate material was appropriate. Afterwards, it will increase day by day and at the same time satisfy its drinking water.
4,4-10 days of age: Shelter temperature 28 °C -25 °C, humidity, 60% -65%. The geese are 15-20/m2, feeding 6-8 times a day, including 2-3 times at night. From the 4th day of age, some grains of sand should be added to the feed. The size of the feed should be suitable for consumption. The feed should be 70%-80% of the green feed, and the mix should be 20%-30%. If the broken rice or cornmeal is fed, it is best to Add some cooked egg yolk or plant protein containing less fat, such as soybean meal and sunflower meal, to the feed. Good weather can be grazing, while ensuring drinking water.
5, 11-20 days of age: Shelter temperature requirements 25 °C -20 °C, humidity 65% ​​-70%. The number of geese is 15-12/m2, feeding 6 times a day, feeding 1-2 times at night. The feed is dominated by green fodder, which can account for 80%-90%, and compound materials account for 10%-20%. Use grazing to increase the gosling movement, let the goose eat green grass, do not feed before grazing.
6,21-30 days of age: She temperature 18 °C -20 °C, humidity 65% ​​-70%. Geese 12-8/m2, green feed in the feed can account for 90% -92%, compound materials accounted for 8% -10%, the general feeding feeding 5 times a day, which fed 1-2 times at night, and gradually extend the grazing time Grazing throughout the day during the day to ensure drinking water.
7, drinking water: requirements of water to be clean, initially warm water at 25 °C, 1-7 days of use of Po Li Po water solution, it is best to add furazolidone or gentamicin or potassium permanganate, etc. to prevent diarrhea, The water supply should be sufficient to prevent overdrinking from causing water intoxication, and the drinking utensils should be cleaned, changed frequently and diligently.
Brooding notes
1. Careful attention should be paid to insulation, humidity control, especially at night, so that the temperature balance, to prevent the accumulation of large temperature differences, so that regular inspections to prevent the death of goslings due to squeeze each other.
2. Provide high-quality compound feed and green feed.
3. Reasonable grouping and control of house keeping density.
4. Do a good job of epidemic prevention and prevention of animal pests (1) Do a good job of epidemic prevention. Goslings in the epidemic area are injected with gosling plague vaccine at 10 days of age. Each gosling is injected subcutaneously with 0.2 ml (medial or chest); Can not be injected with gosling plague vaccine.
(2) Attention should be paid to environmental disinfection and hygiene, and bedding should be changed frequently and diligently.
(3) Preventing animal pests: It mainly involves the infringement of dogs, cats, rats, weasels, snakes, etc., especially at night to take preventive measures.
(4) Anti-stress: After 5 days of feeding, besides giving indoor activities for 10-15 minutes, let it rest quietly. Do not make loud noises or rough operation in the brooding room. Do not light the light. Do not let the dog be grazing. Or other animals near the geese.
(5) Disease prevention: In the brooding stage, gosling diseases mainly include gosling plague, fowl cholera, goose flu, goose coccidiosis, paratyphoid fever, and mycosis. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent drug poisoning, and always do preventive work to strengthen feeding. Management to prevent the occurrence of the disease.
(6) Measurement of body weight: The body weight of goslings was measured at 30 days, and the survival rate of brooding and the growth and development of the goslings (standard body weight between 1.25 kg and 1.5 kg) were examined, and then transferred to middle geese.
Goslings refer to children 4 weeks old or 1 month old after hatching, also known as goslings. The quality of feeding and management of goslings will directly affect the growth and development of the goslings and the survival rate, and then affect the growth and development of geese and goose production performance. The feeding and management of goslings is the basis of the entire breeding and management. For this reason, the author now introduces the operating regulations and precautions of the gosling rearing and management as follows.