pod?

The plant resources are very abundant, there are about 200 species in the world, 74 species in China, 35 species, 1 subspecies, and 11 varieties in Sichuan. They are widely distributed in the mountains surrounding cities and counties in Chengdu, and are distributed only in Emei Mountain. There are 30 species (varieties) of plants belonging to the genus, and others such as Ya'an, Leshan, Yibin, Chongzhou, Pengzhou, Jingjing, Tianquan, Hongya and Daxie have large numbers of distributions in mountainous regions. Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shandong, Henan, and northwest, northeast, and north China are all widely distributed.

In China, the use of plants belonging to the genus Eucalyptus was earlier. According to data, it was recorded that the Tang Dynasty used Qionghua. Qionghua is now Yangzhou City. Others, such as the Hydrangea, the chicken tree, etc., are also used in small quantities, but most species have not yet been developed and utilized.

There are many applications of Eucalyptus in Europe, and new varieties have been developed using modern biotechnology. The 21st century is the century of biology. Foreign countries have long been plagued by our country's botanical resources. Once these kinds of resources are lost, they will regret it.

II. Theoretical Basis and Principles of Introduction and Domestication

Based on the theory of plant genetic conservation and variation, the research work on introduction and domestication was carried out. By analyzing the characteristics of flora and climatic characteristics, the location of the introduction range (altitude, temperature, humidity, etc.) of the plants belonging to the genus Euphorbia is tentatively determined.

Using climate similarity theory and comprehensive analysis of natural factors to formulate the introduction of plant species and corresponding domestication measures. According to the plant distribution pattern of alfalfa growing at an altitude, the natural selection and the principle of survival of the fittest should be adopted for domestication in a way that combines direct introduction and gradual integration and gradual domestication, so that the introduced plants can be exposed in Chengdu. Cultivation.

III. Main natural climatic conditions in Chengdu

Chengdu is located in the hinterland of the western plains of Sichuan, located at longitude 102?54-104?54 east longitude, 30?15-31?26 north latitude, an area of ​​12390 km2, an average annual temperature of 15.2-16.5°C, an extreme temperature of 37.3°C and -6.2°C, and frost-free period throughout the year. About 300 days, the average annual rainfall is 900-1300mm, the annual average relative humidity is 82%, the average annual sunshine is 1025-1372 hours, and the annual average wind speed is 1.3m/second. Its characteristics can be summarized as: warm and humid throughout the year, four seasons are distinct, and winter is absent. Severe cold, no summer heat, low sunshine, high humidity, and high static wind frequency. In terms of latitude, it has crossed the 30-degree line in northern latitudes. It is in the north temperate zone; in areas with an average annual temperature of 16°C or more, there are also 15.2-16°C. According to this, some regions have a sub-tropical climate and some have a temperate climate.

IV. Methods and Measures for Introduction and Domestication

There are many kinds of plants and they are widely distributed. Their biological characteristics are different. Some species have a narrow range of distribution, poor adaptability to introduction, some species have a wide distribution range, and they have a good adaptability to life and are universal. Chengdu spans two temperate zones in the north and temperate zones, with no severe winter and no summer heat. It has important geography and climatic advantages for the successful introduction and domestication of the plant species in the south of Sichuan and north of Sichuan.

1. Introduced places: Chongqing Jinfo Mountain, Sichuan Emeishan, Jingjing Mupashan, Jiuzhougou of Chongzhou, Fengqi Mountain, Tianquan Horn River, Jiufeng Mountain of Pengzhou, Shihuan Yinghua Mountain, and Muchuan of Leshan. Other provinces such as: Beijing, Chengde, Shenyang, Changchun, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Suzhou, Hunan, Changsha, Xinning and Hubei Wuhan, Guangxi Nanning, Guilin and so on.

2. Introduced materials and propagation methods: Plants, shoots, and seeds can all be used as seeding materials, of which the introduction of shoots is the main method. Reproduction is dominated by cuttings, combined with sowing, buckling and grafting, and other methods of reproduction, in order to examine the most suitable breeding methods or breeding methods with the greatest possibility of introduction and domestication.

3. Introduction and domestication measures

This is done in a combination of direct introduction and domestication and indirect domestication.

Direct introduction refers to direct introduction of the introduction material from the introduction site to the domestication point (Chengdu Botanical Garden), to create certain domestication conditions at the domestication point for cultivation or propagation, and to adjust the growth environment according to the plant performance and growth conditions, respectively. Improve their growth conditions.

Indirect domestication means that in accordance with the principle of gradual and gradual domestication, the plant material is transferred from the introduction place to a crossing area where the natural conditions are between the introduction area and the domestication point, and the intermediate domestication point is selected in the transitional zone for cultivation and domestication. After its success in the transitional zone, it is gradually moved to the final domestication point for cultivation. This method is longer in the field working hours and domestication time. The indirect domestication is taken as an example below to introduce introduction and domestication methods.

(1) Wild seedlings: The time of wild seedlings excavation in the wild is mainly from March to May in spring and from September to October in autumn. The following technical steps need to be done during work:

1 Route inspection and collection. On the way along the mountain, excavation objects are selected and marked as well. One by one, the mountains are excavated. For the selection of wild seedlings, large plants should not be selected. After the seedlings are dug up, the long main roots and branches are pruned, and then the roots are wrapped with a film to reduce evaporation. . Select fake implants and leave them on site. After the local work in local areas is completed, the seedlings will be planted at the designated domestication point.

2 The choice of intermediate domestication points: In addition to taking into account altitude, the domestication point should also be planted by the relatively shaded and water-bearing land, planting the rooted water, and usually keeping the soil moist.

3 Cultivation of domesticated seedlings: After the domestication points were planted and survived, they were transported back to the Chengdu Botanical Garden, where they were relatively concentrated and colonized. The leaves were adapted to sparse leaves, and shading nets were used to cover the high shade sheds to avoid direct sunlight exposure. After the normal growth of the plants, the shading nets were removed and plants were planted directly on the open ground.

(2) Seedlings and cuttings

1 After sowing seeds were collected, they were classified and stored in time. They were sowed at intermediate domestication sites and Chengdu Botanical Garden respectively. The germination rate of the two sowing seeds was compared, and the impact of different sowing sites on the budding rate was analyzed.

2 Cutting propagation: The purpose is to explore the rooting techniques, but also to make up for the survival of wild seedlings and increase the species. The branches collected were divided into two groups. The texture of the same species and different branches was the same method. Different media were cut in Chengdu and intermediate domestication sites. The effects of different media, different rooting agents and different concentrations on the rooting of cuttings were compared.

4. In the past 20 years, no more than 50 species have been collected, and more than 50 species have been collected. Among them, there are more than 20 species, such as the right angle pods, that have grown better or have not yet flowered. Yichang pod?, tea pod?, butterfly pod? Qionghua pod? snowball pod?, hydrangea pod? short order pod?, clover pods? spend less pods?, umbrella room pod? Jinshan pod? , wrinkled Viburnum?, cones pod?, cone pod?, Emei pod? long umbrella stems pod?, Padang pod? Hubei pod? broadleaf pod? and so on.

Many pod? Genus or species of flower, fruit or concept, or concept form, has a strong ornamental, continue to strengthen the pod? Intensity of introduced plants, garden plant species can be rich, have broad application prospects, with a very the concept of targeted real strong.

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