The purpose of frozen livestock sperm is to extend the useful life of genetically stable and special-performance broilers, so boar frozen semen has been successfully studied for boar frozen semen since 1975 by Pursel, USA, and Westendorf, Germany, respectively, in granular and straw-type freezing methods. Later in 1975 and 1981, Zheng Sanbao and Weng Senchang of the Taiwan Institute of Pig Science researched successful boar granular frozen semen, and Guo Youhai studied successfully frozen frozen semen. Although boar frozen semen contains only 50% of the genetic material, it has been widely used as a method for improving breeding pigs or keeping crops since its development. But so far, fertility after insemination with frozen semen has not been as good as that of fresh semen. Frozen embryos can retain 100% genetics. Although Taiwan has been a successful case (Guo Youhai, 1993), it has not been widely used, so boar frozen semen is still the best way to improve pig breeds and preserve fine ancestors. . There are two types of boar frozen semen. These two types of frozen semen have been tested or promoted. The rate of delivery of granular and straw frozen semen and litter size per litter was 56% vs. 59% and 8.5 respectively. Vs. 8.6 (Johnson, 1985). The results of pig laboratories were 56% vs. 63% of littering rates and 1.7 vs. 8.1 litters per litter (Guo Youhai and Yang Tianshu, 1992). There was no significant difference in the fertility of these two shapes of frozen semen. However, in application, the thawing method of straw frozen semen is relatively simple and not easy to be contaminated, and is easily accepted by the pig industry. Therefore, the frozen semen produced by the Pork Institute is mainly made of straw frozen semen. The process of making wheat tube frozen semen and the thawing process are briefly described as follows: * Hopper frozen bovine semen production process: 1. Semen collection (150 ml thick semen) 2. Microscopic sperm activity (at 200X) Magnification) and sperm morphology (at 800X magnification) 3. Dilution of semen with Modena diluent 4. Cool diluted sperm to 15°C (4 hours) 5. Divorce semen dilute at room temperature at 15°C (800g) 10 Minutes 6. Discard the supernatant 7. Dilut the semen with the egg yolk lactose diluent 8. Cool the diluted semen to 5 °C (2.5 hours) 9. Dilut the semen with the yogatose dilution containing 6% glycerol 10. Use 6 ml of wheat Fill the tube with 5 ml of diluted semen. 11. Place the straw into a flat rack containing liquid nitrogen and freeze it for 20 minutes. 12. Move the frozen straw into a liquid nitrogen storage bucket. * Straw frozen semen Thawing process: 1. Remove the required frozen semen from the liquid nitrogen bucket as soon as possible. 2. Place the straw into a 50°C warm water bath for 45 seconds. 3. Wipe up the surface of the straw and cut the straw. At one end, 4. Cut the other end of the straw and allow the semen to flow into the 80 ml (25°C) dilution. Use phase contrast microscopy to detect thawed semen traits 6. As soon as possible, thawed frozen semen to insemination From 1975 till now, the total amount of frozen semen produced by the Institute has been 1271 (L), 1040 (Y) Yorkshire, 2114 (D), and 1114 (D) Hampshire. 37 agents (Guo Youhai and Jiang Rongzhang, 1997). The average rate of delivery and the number of litters per litter tested and promoted by frozen boar semen sows in pigs over the past year were 59.4% (706/1188) and 8.7 (including granular and straw frozen semen), respectively. The difference in the farrowing rate between frozen semen and fresh semen is about 20%, and the number of litters is about 2.0 less. So how do you close the gap between frozen semen and fresh semen? The dream of the world’s experts in the study of boar frozen semen may come true in the near future, although the process of making frozen semen has a great deal of damage to pig sperm, plus its sensitivity to cold shock. It is also very high, not only damages spermatozoa in the freezing process, but also shortens the life of living spermatozoa, but if you can catch sows with ovulation time with frozen semen, their performance should not be too bad, according to Germany The report of breeding expert Dr. Weberski (1994) stated that the optimal frozen semen insemination time is 4 hours before sow ovulation, so that a satisfactory fertilization rate (88.1%) can be achieved. So how to determine when sows ovulate, this is a great achievement in the influence of sows on the distribution of frozen semen.
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