The status of scorpion culture in China

Henan Song County lice breeding base Chen Chaofeng

Zongzi is a rare traditional Chinese medicinal material. The traditional curative effect is “Breaking wind, stopping the circulation, swelling, pain relief, and attacking the drug.” It is widely used in strokes, hemiplegia, mouth tilt, epilepsy, convulsions, and rheumatism. Treatments such as migraine, tetanus and phlegm, sores, tuberculosis, tetanus, intractable eczema, dermatitis, and lymphatic tuberculosis are very effective. Modern medicine found that wolfberry fruit has a good effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, tumors and skin diseases. Therefore, China now consumes hundreds of tons of rice dumplings each year. The price of rice dumplings ranges from a few tens of kilograms per kilogram in the 1980s to a few hundred kilograms now. Now, the supply of rice dumplings is less than 30% of the demand. With the prosperity of society and economy and people’s need for health, more and more people are eating medlar on the table in recent years. In the production area of ​​razor clams, due to the destruction of the ecological environment, the use of large amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, and the opening of large fields and barren hills. Harvesting, manual large-scale capture, resulting in a sharp reduction in the number of wild scorpions. However, there are not many people who have successfully farmed oysters, which will increase the price of rice dumplings in the next 10 to 20 years, making the market prospects of razor clams more attractive.

Because of the continuous development and utilization of medicinal value and food value of wolfberry fruit, and the continuous devastating hunting and destruction of wild resources, the economic value of wolfberry fruit continues to rise, and artificial breeding of medlar becomes more profitable. The history of scorpion culture in China can be divided into two phases. That is, the starting stage and the scale stage. Before the 1990s, scorpion culture remained in the experimental stage, and it was basically home-breeding. The number of scorpion cultivars was not large, the original tradition of feeding methods, and the yield of scorpions were stagnant, indicating that the scorpion culture was still at that time. In the beginning stage. In the mid-1990s, due to the success of artificial breeding of Tenebrio, a large number of Tenebrio entered the market, ending the history of artificial feeding and feeding without food. This led to an unprecedented development of scorpion farming. Before the sporadic scorpion culture began to grow stronger, it has the strength. The scorpion farm began large-scale breeding. The contents of scorpion culture have also been continuously enriched and changed. The mode of artificial eel breeding in China is divided into two types according to the cycle. The first is the summer sale and winter sale mode, and the second is the self-breeding mode. These two kinds of scorpion farming models constitute the framework of artificial breeding in China. What are the characteristics of these two modes? What are the drawbacks? What is the status of artificial breeding in China?

First of all, let's talk about Xiabu Dong sell mode. In Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Northeastern, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, and other provinces and cities, from June to September every year in the countryside, there are many professional traffickers who acquire wild rice dumplings. The villagers went to villages, some of them set up at home, some bought a lot of dumplings at the market, a price for dead dumplings, and a price for live dumplings. These first-class pickpockets generally have their own buyers, that is, second-degree pickpockets. The first-class pickpockets temporarily kept the purchased dumplings and waited for the second-hand pickpocket to purchase them or give them directly to the second-hand pickpockets. The second-class pickpockets kept the purchased dumplings in batches, and frozen dumplings and live dumplings. The bags are packed and sent directly to the third-class dumplings dealers. The third-class dumplings are made up of pharmaceutical factories and some are market owners. In this way, the price of rice dumplings will be increased by tiers, and people who catch rice dumplings will sell a pound of 100 yuan, which is far higher than 100 yuan in the hands of the third-tier rice dumplings. In general, the third-tier drug retailer has processed all the dumplings it buys into dried dumplings. The pharmaceutical factory does not breed dumplings. The bosses of the third-stage pick-and-roll sellers are different. They either make dry dumplings or freeze them and sell them to the pharmaceutical, pharmaceutical or herbal medicine markets. The live crickets are released, and the general method is to build an escape pool in the room. The pool either puts bricks or puts eggs to care for the crickets. The live scorpions that have just been brought home are very thin. After a month or so of storage and feeding, the scorpions will become fat and fat when they have eaten Tenebrio. They can generally gain about 20% of their weight. This time they can buy them and sell them. After the end of it will continue to be stored in the breeding pond, hibernation in October hibernation. The number of scorpions in the winter is much less than in the summer, and the price is expensive. In winter, the pool that is not warmed is called a cold pool, that is, a pool that continues to hibernate. The heated pool is called a hot pool. That is, not letting the scorpion hibernate, the scorpion of the hot pool is very obese after heating for about one month, so the price is slightly lower than that of the cold pool. In recent years, there are many owners of wild cricket markets in China, who have stored a large number of crickets in winter to supply the needs of the national crickets in Guangdong and Shandong. Many people have made a fortune. China's more famous markets include Luoyang and Anguo. These summer sales and selling models are currently the main force for the supply of dumplings in China. If there is no such model for summer sales, then I dare to assert that if you only rely on artificial breeding of rice dumplings, the price of rice dumplings is now at least 3,000 yuan per kilogram. Even higher. The most important feature of the summer sale and winter selling model is that the breeding cycle is short-lived, only a few months of storage, and it is sold in the summer and winter. The dumplings grow faster, the dumplings do not need to give birth, do not need to be linked to the skin, the dumplings do not need to grow up and only require obesity, the technical content of the dumplings is not high, and the labor intensity is not high. The dumplings are on the kilogram and the kilograms are sold on the kilogram. Medicinal and edible, can not be used for breeding breeding. Technically, as long as the temperature is mastered, it will only make no compensation. Therefore, it is often favored by Xia Budong sells the bosses. Generally, one person breeds his pigs and his relatives and neighbors are followed by farming. Few of them fight alone. It is also not easy to organize the supply of goods in the market alone, and it is impossible to unify the purchase and sale of goods, and to unify the prices and manage the market in a unified manner. Disadvantages are wildness, killing each other, weak disease resistance, easy to die, low survival rate, generally can only be stored for a few months, can not be cultivated for a long time, and will die in large numbers in winter. If you do the breeding, the mother bird is very easy to die. Abortion, the birth rate is low, the survival rate of children is very low.

In recent years, people who caught crickets at night accidentally fell into the wells and died. Many were bitten by venomous snakes, and many fell into deep cliffs because of the large number of artificially caught wild scorpions, especially pesticides and fertilizers. Use, resulting in a sharp reduction in wild scorpion resources, wild lice are not inexhaustible inexhaustible. In many areas, the ecological balance has been severely damaged. The number of wild crickets has reached the point of extermination, and relevant state departments are taking measures. In the near future, a set of laws and regulations will be drafted to include crickets in the area of ​​endangered protected animals and to manually kill crickets. History will end. The wild rice dumplings market will be seized. By that time, the summer sale and selling model will not exist. This is an inevitable trend of social development and an irresistible historical trend.

The self-breeding model is the cycle of breeding, breeding, and growing in accordance with Xunzi's physiological habits. The cultivation and domestication of razor clams, like chickens, ducks, pigs, rabbits, and dogs, are slowly acclimated from wild animals. The domesticated scorpions have a temperate temperament, are not rebellious, and have a light, sound, vibration, etc. The disturbance is slow and the environment adapts well. It is convenient for long-term feeding and it is very good to survive. Just like rabbits, rabbits are difficult to raise and rabbits are easy to raise. Pheasant is difficult to raise and the chicken is good. Therefore, if it is cultivated, it is better to breed the domestic lice of the self-breeding model, otherwise it is very easy for the wild to die, which is not worth the candle. Friends who are interested cannot prevent themselves from trying to domesticate wild crickets for domestic fun. As long as there is technology, after a period of domestication and cultivation, the wild scorpion will generally be bred. It is worth mentioning that without confidence and technical guidance, it is best not to experiment in large numbers, so as to avoid losing the entire army and leaving everything behind. Experienced farms often purchase high-quality wild rice dumplings from the market of Xiamai Dongmai and sell them into domesticated clams under the condition of inadequate seed sources. Crossbreds and breeding with their own clams produce more quality. For the best species.

The self-breeding model can be divided into two forms, indoor breeding and outdoor farming, from the farming methods. Indoor aquaculture is what we often call greenhouse farming. Outdoor farming is what we often say as free-range or open-air farming. Greenhouse cultivation is to create an environment suitable for the growth of scorpion to the scorpion, so that the scorpions can circulate in the greenhouse from pregnancy, birth, growth, molting and mating to achieve the purpose of income. In this process, all the conditions for growth activities of Xunzi are artificially created and not given naturally. Therefore, such an environment is passive and not active for Xunzi. It is not good to be bad. This raises a strong technical problem for farmers, and these technical problems are not one but two. Every link is a threshold, and it is a test of success or failure. Therefore, for beginners, they want to cultivate themselves, learn techniques first, and fail to use technology to raise them. It is the uncultivated chickens, ducks and pigs that have no skills to grow. The biggest feature of greenhouse cultivation is shortening the growth cycle of scorpion, shortening the growth cycle of scorpion from 3 years to 1 year. It can be cultured at high density and can be cultured in a three-dimensional manner. The operation is simple, the labor is not large, and it is convenient for feeding and management. The high survival rate saves time and space. But the technology is high. Open-air free-range farming is the construction of several breeding ponds outdoors. The size of the pool is determined by the number of cockroaches. If it does not escape, the enemy will not invade the food. If food is fed, it is generally easy to grow. Its greatest feature is that it does not require high technical content. It makes full use of natural environmental conditions, requires no artificial energy, has low cost, does not require a lot of manpower and material resources, and has a high survival rate and is not susceptible to illness. The biggest drawback is that it has a long growth cycle and takes 3 years to bear fruit. To sum up, the self-breeding model, in general, is the process of scorpion reproduction from nothing, and it is the process of scorpion growth from small to large.

However, the self-breeding model has its own characteristics and defects. Not all people can breed successfully. No technology is certainly unsustainable. Some people have mastered the technology, but the number of farmed rice dumplings is very small, which means that success is not equal to making money. Because the scorpion culture is not as short as the chicken and pig breeding cycle, it takes about one year at the fastest, which is not very effective. Many people in rural areas do not have enough patience and economic strength to invest. They can't afford to pull tug-of-war, so they can't afford to spend months in a row. Is the owner of a large scorpion farm, his relatives and friends would rather breed chickens, ducks and pigs than raise scorpions. This is not a social phenomenon. The self-breeding model is advocated and promoted by the state. There are not many farmers in China, few successful people, few large-scale producers, and few shares in the community, but the market has great potential and considerable economic prospects. It will be the hope and future of artificial breeding of rice dumplings in China, and will be the main force for the supply of rice dumplings in China. His long-term commitment will eventually replace artificial capture as the mainstream of society.

The self-breeding model has its own unique advantages and disadvantages compared with Xiabu Dong sell model. The scorpions produced by the self-breeding model are of the same quality as the wild, and the components of the scorpion venom are the same. The medicinal and edible values ​​are the same. The price is the same for sale as a commodity. The self-breeding model is specialized for farm breeding, so it can be used for breeding and breeding. In terms of seed selection, the country’s crop seed is a truth: that is, seeds have higher yields than general merchandise, and are fuller and glossy than general merchandise, and are of higher quality than general merchandise. Therefore, the price of seed pods is higher than that of commodities. To be high, according to the physiological characteristics of the dumplings, the dumplings are sold in groups, regardless of kilograms. At present, the frame of Chinese scorpion farming has long been established and there will be no qualitative changes within a certain period of time. This is a social phenomenon. It is not someone who can control the layout. At present, the pace of development of scorpion farming in our country is not fast, and the supply and demand of scorpion market is very short. In the continuous increase, this raises a bigger problem for breeders of the self-breeding model. How can the self-breeding model be improved in output? How to speed up the self-breeding mode? This issue is a social issue from a macro perspective and a technical issue from a micro perspective. The time is limited. I hope everyone can learn from each other and exchange ideas with each other. Learn from each other and all the staff of the Pixian breeding base in Pingdingshan City warmly welcome you.

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