Fall is the peak season for laying hens. Layers require calcium and phosphorus during the laying period. About 90% of calcium is used in bones and shells. About 80% of phosphorus forms bones together with calcium. The rest is calcium. Phosphorus is distributed throughout the tissues of the body. Egg shells account for about one-tenth of the egg weight, and 90% of the shells are calcium carbonate. A weight of about 50 to 60 grams of egg calcium carbonate content of 4.5 to 5.4 grams, according to calcium utilization rate of 60% conversion, each producing an egg about 10 grams of calcium carbonate, 3.5 grams of pure calcium. However, calcium in chickens is limited to only about 15 grams. According to the need for egg production, calcium (including bone calcium) in hens is only enough to produce 3 to 4 eggs, so it needs a lot of calcium. However, when supplementing calcium, be sure to pay attention to the following five points: First, do not feed raw meal Because the production process of processed bone meal is different, the quality of its products varies greatly, so there is a difference between steamed bone powder and raw meal. Steamed batter is a product that has been processed, removed of most of the protein and fat, and pressed, dried and crushed. Steamed bone powder is white or silver grey, no odor, 30% calcium, 14.5% phosphorus, 7.5% crude protein, 1.2% crude fat. The so-called bone meal is a kind of inferior bone meal that is produced under the condition of equipment. The simple process of cleaning the bones is to use a cauldron to cook for several hours without pressure or degumming, then remove, dry, and crush. This bone powder has an odor, black or dark gray, 23% calcium, 10.5% phosphorus, 21% crude protein, 5% crude fat. If this type of raw meal is used for long-term feeding of laying hens, because it is not treated with high temperature and high pressure, bone calcium is combined with bone glue, and the calcium absorption and utilization of chicken body is much lower than that of steamed bone meal. A long time will cause the imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in the chicken body, resulting in a decline in laying ability of the laying hen and causing significant economic losses to the chicken production. Therefore, chicken farmers, especially large-scale chicken farms, must pay attention to avoid feeding chickens with raw bone meal ingredients. Second, do not feed sheep bone powder in places where there are more sheep, people often process sheep bone into sheep bone powder, added to animal feed, instead of other bone meal. This is okay for most livestock and poultry, and it works well, but it is not enough for laying hens. Because the egg shell is formed in the chicken body, the temperature should not be too high. The sheep's bone powder is hot, and when it is absorbed and used by laying hens to participate in egg shell formation, the temperature in the chicken body will increase. This will not only affect the formation of egg shells, but will also reduce the egg production rate. Therefore, layers cannot feed sheep bone powder. Third, select the coarse calcium source During the laying of eggs, the calcium in the diet should be supplied in the form of shells or coarse grain limestone, because the granular calcium leaves the muscle stomach slower, it is very effective to strengthen the formation of egg shell strength at night it is good. 1. Shell powder with shell powder as calcium source feed, should pay attention to the priority use of seashells stacked for many years, because after a long period of accumulation, which attached organic matter has disappeared, less bacteria; fresh shells should pay attention to disinfection, because of protein corruption The bacteria and viruses that are attached are often unsterilized and cause disease in chickens. General shell powder contains about 96.4% calcium carbonate, equivalent to 38.6% calcium. 2. Stone powder is limestone powder, natural calcium carbonate. Generally containing about 38% pure calcium, is the cheapest calcium mineral feed, other more pure calcium carbonate, chalk and old lime also have the same role with the stone powder. Fourth, calcium supplements should be given to the hens in sufficient quantities to supplement calcium, not as much as possible. Generally, about 4.8 grams of calcium is required for each hen to produce one egg. If the calcium content in the diet exceeds 4%, on the one hand, urate will accumulate in the body, causing indigestion and causing diarrhea, and even symptoms of gout; on the other hand, It will make the palatability of the feed poor, and the feed intake and egg production of the flock will decrease. Therefore, the calcium content in laying hens is generally 3.0%~3.5%. Calcium feeds can be placed separately and eaten by chickens. They can also be mixed in feeds. Fifth, add vitamin C In the stress state, you can also add vitamin C, can promote the secretion of calcium from the bone marrow, but also can activate vitamin D3, not only contribute to the improvement of eggshell quality, but also increase the egg content. The amount of vitamin C in the diet should be 50 mg per kilogram of feed. Single Arm Manual Medical Pendant
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