First, the chicken is communicating between the chickens

The story of "The Chicken in the Middle of the Night" is known to everyone, but why does the chicken call?

Paul Siegel is a doctor who studies chicken. He can understand the language of the chicken. Although for most people, the chicken's language is nothing more than the hen's cheating on the egg and the cock crowing, but Dr. Siegel is probably able to understand 30 different kinds of chicken words. This is not surprising. Chicken is a social animal. Polygamous people always have a lot of family chores to deal with. In particular, as a cock for parents, it is even more of a command and decision-making task. For example, when the rooster finds food, it will make a call and call the wives to share it. If you find something delicious like a quail or a bean, the frequency of its calls will be higher; otherwise, the frequency of its calls will be lower.

Researchers found that if a hen hears a high-frequency summoning, it will rush over and be less enthusiastic about low-frequency summoning. In the same way, if a chicken finds a threat, it will also issue a warning. The threat comes from the air or the ground. The warning sound is different. Other chickens respond differently.

As for the cock crowing, chicken experts told us that it was a “declaration of sovereignty,” on the one hand to remind family members of its supremacy, and on the other hand to warn the neighboring cock not to fight its family’s idea. Just as a dog can smell a lot of information from a dog's urine, chicken can also hear a lot of rounds from a chicken call.

Bryant Furlow and others at the University of New Mexico in the United States tried to decode the roar of the rooster. They used high-sensitivity directional microphones, high-grade tape recorders, audio analysis software, and Apple Computer. As for "singers," they were 20 one-year-old male gallus Gallus gallus, the wild species of domestic chicken.

After recording and analyzing, Folo got a bunch of data filled with "fundamental frequency", "frequency", and "overtone". In short, the roar of roosters is closely related to the level of androgens in their bodies. The higher the androgen level, the louder and louder the roaring sounds. At the same time, the bigger the rooster, the stronger the body type and the stronger the fighting power.

"Crouching chicken division morning", which is hen crowing. In fact, the readers living in the country will know that the rooster lays eggs and the hen crows some. This is due to the fact that only the left fallopian tube develops in the hen and remains undifferentiated on the right side. If the ovary on its left side fails, the undifferentiated ovary on the right develops into the testis and produces androgen. Under the urging of androgens, the hens will perform the task of Secretary Chen.

When does the rooster crow? Of course it was morning, wrong. In fact, when the rooster crows. According to statistics, during the day, a rooster crowed about once per hour, but in the morning, the first chicken called to break the silence of the dawn, and the neighboring rooster took the oath of sovereignty, so the relay was impressive. In noisy daytime, people will not pay too much attention to these crowing cocks.

Second, the rooster “Shen Chen” is played by melatonin

Why does the rooster crow? First of all, we need to know that there are only a few species of night owls in the birds. In addition to the various types of owls and the neighboring nighthawks, most other birds are people with night blindness. Chicken is no exception. Normally, chickens are sleeping at night. Under this premise, we need to further do anatomy and go deep into the chicken's head to see it.

There is a small area in the brain of the chicken called the pineal gland. This small gland was once an important part of our old ancestor's vision system. But now it is located in the center of the brain, but it also has a connection with the optic nerve. The pineal gland can secrete a substance called melatonin.

The pineal gland is controlled by light. Only if the fingers are not visible, the pineal gland will secrete melatonin. If light enters the eye (in fact, the eyelids cannot block too much light), the secretion of melatonin is suppressed. Melatonin has a complex biological function that inhibits the secretion of sex hormones. In addition, biologists have long found that there are many melatonin receptors in the cortex that the bird is responsible for, especially the male. That is, melatonin directly controls the birds. singing.

During the day, when the morning light appeared, the secretion of melatonin was inhibited, and the rooster spontaneously “sichen”; during the year, when the white pupa became longer in spring, the melatonin levels in the birds decreased. It began to be called "Spring," followed by an increase in the level of sex hormones in the body, and the arrival of the annual breeding season. The uncle in the park holding a cage is also aware of this principle. The cage is usually covered with a thick cloth cover. Once the cloth cover is removed, the light wakes up the bird's "tweet hub" and the song will begin.

In the past, people were sunning for sunset and the rooster could enjoy a dark, silent night. But sometimes the full moon meets, and the bright moonlight occasionally stimulates a cock that is too sensitive to "get up." At the time of the war, the chickens and dogs were restless, and the probability of cock cocking disturbed by sound and fire increased greatly, and the ancients saw the rooster as the omen of the war.

In modern society, especially in the vast cities, the popularity of artificial lighting has long ago eliminated the difference between day and night. Compared with 100 years ago, people's “night” is generally shortened by several hours. Not only people themselves are deeply affected by the health problems caused by the decrease of melatonin levels caused by “artificial fairies” (such as precocious puberty in children, high incidence of breast and colon cancer, and more general mood fluctuations), but also other animals that are mixed with humans. Followed by suffering.

It is often reported that a “less-residence resident” in a certain community is arbitrarily raising chickens. As a result, chickens are constantly called in the middle of the night, causing disputes in the neighborhood. The British national bird is Eurasian cockroach. This type of bird, commonly known as the Robin Bird, is not "intelligence" at all. According to the reports of the Royal Bird Conservation Society of Britain, many places in the UK are screaming at night and they are all caused by street lamps. .

From this it can be seen that for an hour to turn the globe off, it is not enough for other animals, including humans and chickens.

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