First, the environmental conditions in the place of production should be far away from the "industrial waste" pollution in the area, its environmental conditions should be consistent with GB/T 18407.1-2001 requirements. The production site should be clean and sanitary, with flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, loose soil, fertile soil, and deep soil layers. It has not been planted with onion and garlic vegetables for two to three years. Second, the selection of excellent varieties of disease resistance, high quality, high yield, storage, adaptability, good varieties of goods, such as Japan's Quanzhou gold, gold ball No. 1 yellow skin varieties, or local red skin varieties. Third, timely planting, nurturing strong seedlings 1. Sowing period of choice. September 5-10 is suitable for planting. Seeding the seedlings in the early spring and early spring has high convulsions and reduces the yield and quality. The seeding is too late, the seedlings are small, and the survival rate is low in winter, which also affects the yield. 2. Do the sowing. For every 667m2, 3000kg of fertilized organic fertilizer and 30kg of NPK fertilizer are used as the base fertilizer for the nursery hoe, and the flat rake with a width of 1 to 1.2m and a length of 10 to 20m is made by deep-turning the rake and the cover soil is left. When sowing, fill the bottom water in the bowl and spread the seeds evenly after the water infiltration. To ensure uniform sowing, spread 1 part of the seed and 10 parts of fine sand and spread it. After sowing, cover the lcm thick fine soil and spread evenly. A layer of fine sand with a thickness of 0.2-0.5cm prevents knots on the panels and reduces the emergence rate. Generally planting 667m2 field field onion, need to nurse seedlings 畦60 ~ 80m2, with the amount of about 150g. 3. Seedling management. 7 to 8 days after sowing, the seedlings can be produced. After emergence, a small amount of water is poured, and after 15 to 20 days, it is poured again to promote seedling growth and keep the soil moist. At the same time, fertilizer and water management should be adjusted according to the growth of seedlings. If the seedlings are small, ammonium sulphate may be used for every 667m2 of l0~15; if the seedlings are too large, fertilizer and water should be controlled. 4. Strong seedling standards. When the seedlings are colonized, there are 3 to 4 leaves, the plant height is 12 to 15 cm, and the diameter of the pseudostem is 0.5 to 0.7 cm, with no pests or diseases. Fourth, timely planting 1. Fertilization. For every 1000kg of bulbs produced on the onion, it is necessary to absorb about 2.0-2.4kg of nitrogen, 0.7-0.9kg of phosphorus, and 3.7-4.1kg of potassium. Fertilization should be based on soil fertility conditions, crop fertilizer requirements and fertilizer effects, the implementation of balanced soil fertigation. Generally, every 667m2 of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to 4000-5000kg, and NPK fertilizer is mixed with 25-60kg. After being spread, it is smoothed and made into flat 1.2-m wide and 15-2m-long flat, then covered with black plastic film. Or covering a white ground film with a layer of 0.2-0.5cm thick fine soil, which can avoid the use of herbicides, improve the yield and quality, but also play a role in insulation and moisturizing, weed control. 2. Timely planting. October 25th - November 5th is suitable for planting. 3. Reasonably dense planting. During planting, the seedlings were sorted by size and placed in batches. The bamboo shoots or wooden sticks were used to drill holes in the top of the mulch. The seedlings were then implanted into the holes and the roots were sealed with fine soil. Planting depth to bury the stem, not buried in the heart, about 1 ~ 1.5cm deep appropriate. The planting density was 13-15 cm from the plant and the spacing was 15 cm. V. Management after planting 1. Field management before winter. After planting, we poured I-times to reduce seedlings, keep the soil moist during the seedlings, and found that the seedlings should be promptly filled to ensure that the seedlings were full. In early December, the frozen water is poured 1 time before the soil is frozen. 2. Return to the green period and management before bulb expansion. In early spring March, the seedlings begin to turn green, and should be poured back to Qingshui with water relied on in the soil. In combination with watering, urea 10 and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are applied every 667m2 to promote seedling growth. Before the expansion of the bulbs in early April, the NPK fertilizer compound fertilizer l0kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15kg were applied with 667m2 of watering to promote leaf growth. 3. Bulb expansion management. In mid-May, the peak of bulb expansion was followed by 1 additional fertilization. For each 667m2, NPK fertilizer 10kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15kg were applied to promote bulb expansion. During this period, it should be treated with water in a timely manner to keep the soil dry and wet. Stop watering 5 to 7 days before harvest. VI. Pest Control The main diseases of onion include soft rot, downy mildew and purple spot. The main pests include mantle and thrips. The pollution-free control techniques are as follows. 1. Soft rot. (1) Agricultural measures. Cultivate strong seedlings, timely transplanting; apply base fertilizer; increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to increase plant resilience; choose sunny harvest to prevent phosphorus stems from wet soil. (2) To prevent and treat diseases such as thrips and breeding flies in time. (3) Chemical control. 77% can be used to kill the WP 500 to 600 times, 5% of the mycorrhizal emulsion 300 times, 50% of the copper citrate copper WP 500 times, 72% of the streptomycin Streptomycin soluble powder 4000 Times of liquid, neophytin 4000-5000 times liquid, etc., in the initial stage of the disease spraying, and pay attention to spray the plant base, sprayed every 5-7d, even spray 2 times. 2. Downy mildew. (1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties; seed collection from disease-free or disease-free plants; soaking in warm water at 50°C for 25 minutes before sowing or seed dressing at 25% seed weight with 0.3% seed weight; selection of high dry terrain or drainage The plots are planted and 2-3 year rotations with non-garlic crops. (2) Chemical control. At the beginning of the disease, 72% Kelu wettable powder 600 times liquid or 64% antivirus WP 600 times liquid, 72.2% Prokary (or Provamil) water 700 times, etc. are sprayed once every 7-10 days. , spray 2 or 3 times. 3. Purple spot. (1) Agricultural measures. 2 to 3 years of rotation with non-onion and garlic crops; if necessary, soak 3 hours with 40% formaldehyde 300 times to prevent water accumulation in the field; apply basic fertilizer and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. (2) Chemical anti-contact. At the beginning of the disease, spray 50% acetaminophen WP 1500 times or 80% WP WP 600 times, 72% WP WP 600 times, and 64% WP WP 500 times. 7 to 10 days spray 1, even spray 2 times. 4. Mantle. (1) Agricultural measures. The application of organic fertilizer is mature; the land where the mantle occurs can be flooded twice a day. (2) Chemical control. Before planting, use 50% phoxim EC 1000 to 1500 times solution or 90% crystal dipterex 1000-1500 times solution to soak the roots of the seedlings for 2 minutes, or spray at the initial stage of the disease, spray once every 7 to 10 days, and even spray 2~ 3 times. 5. Green onion horses. (1) Agricultural measures. Clean the garden, diligently eliminate weeds, reduce the source of insects. (2) Chemical control. In the peak period of nymphs spraying 5% Rui Jin Suoji 3000 times or 10% imidacloprid WP, ​​2500 times, every 7 ~ 10d spray 1, even spray 2 ~ 3 times. Seven, timely harvest, proper storage generally around mid-June, when 90% false stems fall when the choice of sunny harvest, avoid rain. After harvest, care should be taken to avoid mechanical injury, and then dry in a cool, ventilated place. After the outer skin of the bulb is air-dried, it is sold by grade. China Agricultural Network Editor