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This method is highly beneficial for improving the ecological conditions of ponds, boosting productivity, lowering production costs, and increasing economic returns. The main technical guidelines include:
1. When the water depth in the pond reaches 1 meter, apply 3,000 to 3,750 kilograms of quicklime per hectare across the entire pond. After 7 to 10 days, it's ready for stocking.
2. Stocking should be done with a variety of species. For example, you can place 4,500 squid (20–25 g/tail), 1,200 squid (25 g/tail), 1,800 grass carp (50–125 g/tail), 1,200 squid (25 g/tail), 1,200 small turtles (12.5–25 g/tail), and approximately 18,000 turtles aged 3 to 6 years per hectare. Fish stocking should be completed before the Spring Festival, while turtle stocking should take place when the water temperature stabilizes above 15°C after spring. This system can yield around 3,000 kg of fresh fish and 1,500 kg of turtles per hectare.
3. Feeding practices must be carefully managed. Turtle feed and fish feed should be given separately—first distribute fish bait, then turtle bait. Place the food on feeding tables or in the water, and position the turtle bait on the slope beside the pond. Always remove leftover food promptly to prevent pollution and reduce the risk of disease.
To ensure proper management, adult turtles and hatchlings should be kept in separate ponds. This prevents cannibalism and allows for more efficient feeding. Small turtles should be raised in smaller ponds until they grow large enough to move into larger pools. Regularly change the pond water to maintain clean and healthy conditions. To prevent escape, install wire or plastic mesh at the inlet and outlet of the turtle ponds. When feeding plant-based foods or changing water, be cautious of pesticide contamination, which could lead to poisoning. Additionally, avoid mixing turtles with cockroaches, as they may prey on them. It’s also important to block rat and ant holes to prevent damage from snakes, water rats, and other predators.
By following these detailed steps, farmers can achieve a balanced and sustainable aquaculture system that maximizes output while maintaining environmental health.