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Peach trees are high-value crops, especially during the critical period of flower bud differentiation from July to August. Summer pruning plays a vital role in managing tree growth and improving fruit quality. There are several effective methods for summer pruning:
1. **Twisting Shoot Tips** – This technique helps control excessive growth and improves light penetration within the canopy. It is particularly useful for removing overly vigorous shoots that grow on the main branches, as well as those emerging from the upper part of the tree or from cuts made during winter pruning. The best time to twist the tips is when the shoot is still tender and has not yet become woody, typically before it reaches about 30 centimeters in length. After twisting, the shoot is usually shortened to around 15 centimeters, which helps balance the tree’s energy and promotes better fruit development.
2. **Pinching Back Strong Shoots** – When a shoot grows to 18–20 centimeters, it should be pinched back to control apical dominance. This encourages the growth of lateral branches. Similarly, new shoots that develop lower in the canopy should be pinched once they reach 20 centimeters in length. This practice helps create a more balanced structure and supports the formation of fruiting wood.
3. **Selective Thinning and Pruning** – During summer, it's important to manage the upper and outer branches of the tree by selectively thinning or shortening them. This helps maintain an open canopy and prevents overcrowding. At the same time, any dense, weak, or unproductive branches should be removed. This not only improves air circulation and sunlight exposure but also enhances the conditions necessary for flower bud formation.
By implementing these summer pruning techniques, growers can significantly improve the health, productivity, and overall quality of their peach trees. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are key to achieving the best results.