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First, the cultivation of root plants (a) select the appropriate varieties of winter production of barley requires the selected varieties have nutrients back to early, low temperature easy to grow, high yield and high quality and other characteristics, according to many years of cultivation experience, Henan snow carp cultivation effect is better.
(B) nursery small arch shed with plastic film cultivated green barley, the use of seedling transplanting methods, a mu of nursery land can generally be planted about 2.5 acres of field, its cultivation methods and management and open field cultivation of green barley.
(3) Colonization (1) Planting period: The appropriate seedling age for leeks colonization is about 15 cm in height, with 6-8 leaves. The planting seedlings are required to revive seedling growth before the rainy season.
(2) Soil preparation: The field should be well-distributed and organic fertilizer should be applied. However, dried manure should not be used. Otherwise it will cause serious damage to cockroaches. The cocoon is generally flat and has a width of 120-130 cm. Every two miles is a shed, leaving a 30-40 cm walkway between the shed and the shed for later operation.
(3) Density and method of colonization: The colonization density should be a small one with a large row spacing, which is good for softening the soil and improving the quality of the green barley. It also facilitates ventilation and reduces the occurrence of diseases. The density is 35-40 cm in row spacing, 3-4 cm from the clumps, 5-6 seedlings per clump. When the seedlings are raised, they should be less damaged. The seedlings should be put into a handle, and the root length should be 4 cm. 10 cm deep shallow ditch, and then put the seedlings, so that the roots stretch, small bulbs neatly consistent, tight clusters, laying after the cover soil, the depth to not bury the medlar leaves is appropriate, and then use the down-to-earth, tactics Watering after planting.
(IV) Field management after field management and planting is an important means to ensure the formation of robust roots. The specifics are:
(1) Farming and conservation: 3 to 5 days after planting and watering, cultivating tillage is started to maintain soil moisture and prevent wilting of plants.
(2) Promoting vigorous growth: After the beginning of autumn, the temperature is relatively low, and the pupa strain gradually enters a vigorous growth period. At this time, fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer can be used for top dressing with 50 kg per acre or 30 kg per mu for urea. After the frost falls, the temperature is further reduced, and the nutrients in the loquat leaves are continuously transformed and returned. During this period, there are no shortages of fertilizer and water, and it is necessary to seize the time and combine watering with another quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer.
(3) During the cultivation of roots in open field, they cannot be harvested, otherwise it will greatly reduce the yield of winter barley.
Second, cover production (a) preparation before covering
1. Before the film is covered with bamboo and other utensils, the external yellow leaves are firstly removed to expose the internal leek leaves, so as to reduce the protection of the unburnt yellow leaves from the yellow leaves, and the nutrients are returned to the small bulbs after frost to promote the winter cultivation quality. After the yellow leaves are mostly yellow, use a file to remove the yellow leaves.
2. After breaking the dormancy and preventing earthworms, after the stems and leaves of the leeks are withered, the phosphorous stems in the underground part are in dormant state. At this time, the shed is covered. Since the dormitories have not been able to relieve dormancy, they cannot germinate. Therefore, we must first break the dormancy and break the dormancy: Pull out the pier and allow the bulbs to be exposed. After 3-4 days of drying, freeze overnight. When the upper ends of the bulbs turn purple, dormancy is broken. In order to prevent the earthworms, 1000 times of phoxim can be used to irrigate the roots. Soil restoration.
(B) Cover film
1. Build a shed: Each shed is a shed. The shed can be bent into 400 cm bamboo or two small bamboo rods. The distance between the arches is 80-100 cm and the height of the vault is 110-120 cm. , pouring a permeable water, and then spread some fine feces in the surface can be covered film.
2. Covering film and film: The film is generally 4 meters wide and 0.08 mm thick. The method of soil burying is used for compaction and compaction. At the same time, the film is pressed tightly and then a suitable width of the film is laid flat on the surface. At the same time, we must spread to both sides of the shed, and the mulch does not need earth pressure. After germination, it will continue to rise with the growth of pods. 3 days before harvest, the mulching film will be removed and the loquat leaves will be straightened. After each harvest, the mulch will be laid.
(III) Coverage Management
1. Controlling temperature: The standard of temperature control during covering is: daytime temperature 15-25°C, not more than 30°C, generally not less than 5°C at night, and preferably not less than 0°C in short time. Covering pre-phase mainly refers to before and after January, mainly The low temperature in the greenhouse affects the growth of leeks. Small sheds should be sealed and covered with straw insulation at night to cover the late period (referring to the end of February and mid-March). The outside temperature will gradually increase, and the temperature inside the shed should be at a high noon to pay attention to timely ventilation and cooling.
2. Soil softening: In order to increase the height of the pseudo-barley stems and improve the quality, it is necessary to grow about 5 cm from the shoots, peel off the mulch to cultivate the soil, and the height of the soil is based on the leaves that do not bury the pods. Soil, after the earth is soiled, the soil film is laid.
(D) About 40 days after harvesting, the first knife can be cut after the plant grows to more than 20 cm, and the soil should be opened before cutting. When pests are to be cut quickly, flattened and chopped, 2 centimeters shall be left above the ground. Lee knife growth. After 2-3 days after cutting, the shoots should be poured and then watered once. Then the mulch can be laid for about 28 days to cut the second knife, and another 20 days can be used to cut the third knife.
After three knives, the stored nutrients in the alfalfa strain are almost exhausted. At this time, the alfalfa can be shaved, and then the thermophilic vegetables can be re-established and used continuously.
III. Pest control During the winter production of barley, susceptibility to downy mildew, prevention and control can be used to reduce greenhouse temperature and humidity methods to prevent and control, serious can also use the agent to control, with 800 times the DuPont Ke Lu or 1000 times Chlorothalonil can control more than 90% of its effectiveness.
Fourth, the efficiency analysis Small arch cover with plastic film production of green barley, due to the early listing of the barley, the price is high, coupled with the spring can be used to replant other vegetables in the small shed, so that spring vegetables ahead of schedule, high price, so it has Good economic benefits.
The use of Plastic Film and small sheds to cover the film to produce green barley during the winter, not only makes the barley season much earlier, but also can use the small sheds that produce barley to plant the warm vegetables ahead of schedule, which improves the utilization rate of the small sheds. The listing period of Chuncai has obvious economic and social benefits. The technology is simple in operation, low in investment, and low in risk. Its investment is one-tenth of that in the same area of ​​solar energy greenhouses, but the benefits recovered are comparable. This technology can be cultivated either in large areas or in small areas. The economic benefits are very obvious. The first knife is harvested before the Spring Festival and the second knife is harvested before the fifth day of the first month. The third knife is harvested before mid-February. After that, the third knife is used. The small sheds that produce barley plants are planted with other vegetables to increase economic efficiency. The cultivation techniques are as follows: