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Symptoms of damage: The water spots on the leaves are initially small, and then gradually expand into a round or irregular shape, purple brown to dark brown spots, diameter of about 2mm, surrounded by water-stained yellow-green halo ring, edge cracks, and finally shedding perforation. The edge of the hole is not neat.
There are two kinds of lesions on the branches: one is an ulcer in the spring, which occurred on the branches that had been infected in the previous summer. Lesions dark brown herpes-like, diameter of about 2mm, after the expansion of up to 1-10cm, the width of not more than half of the diameter of the branches. The second is the summer ulcer spot, which occurred on the shoots in the end of the summer in the current year. The water spots were round, dark brown, slightly sunken, and the edge was watery. When it was wet, yellow-white mucus overflowed.
Pathogen? Bacteria, Xanthomonas spp. Candida albicans Peach perforation Xanthomonas campestris pv. Prun i (Smith) Dye, synonym Xanthomonas? pruni (Smith) ddowson.
Onset of the disease? The pathogenic bacteria overwintered in the branches of the cortex and began to move in late spring. Before and after flowering of peach trees, pathogenic bacteria overflowed from diseased tissues and spread by wind and rain or insects. The stomata through the leaves, buds of branches, and lenticels of fruit invaded. The incubation period was 7-14 days. Bacteria in the branches can survive for more than 1 year. The spring ulcer spot is the main primary infestation source of the disease. In summer, the temperature is high, the humidity is low, the ulcer spots are easy to dry, and the surrounding healthy tissues are easy to heal. Therefore, the bacteria in the ulcer spots die in a dry condition for 10 to 13 days. Temperature 19-28 °C, relative humidity of 70% to 90% conducive to hair growth? The disease generally appears in May, July-August severe onset. The occurrence of the disease is related to climate, tree vigor, management level and variety. Appropriate temperature, heavy rain or heavy fog, heavy fog season is heavy. Bacteria are easily washed into the ground during heavy rains, which is unfavorable for their reproduction and infestation. In general, the spring and autumn rainy season has spread rapidly, and the summer drought has spread slowly during the month. The strong tree vigor is weaker and later than the weak vigor of the tree vigor. The strong potential of the tree vigor can reach a period of 40 days. The orchards are low-lying, poorly drained, poorly ventilated and light-transmitting, and suffer from severe nitrogenous fertilizers. Early maturing varieties are lighter than late maturing.
Control methods
1. Strengthen water and fertilizer management in Taoyuan. Add organic fertilizer, avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer, reasonable pruning, so that Taoyuan ventilation.
2. Peach trees should be built separately and not mixed with stone fruit trees. Taoyuan should be built far from the stonefruit orchards.
3, combined with the winter cut, cut off the diseased branches, clear the fallen leaves, concentrated burned.
4, spray protection. Before germination, spray 5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur or 45% crystal lime sulfur 30 times, 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture, 30% green gel suspension 400-500 times. After germination, spray 72% of agricultural streptomycin soluble powder 3000 times.
Peach bacterial shot hole (Peach bacterial shot hole) harms peaches and leaves of many kinds of stone fruit trees such as plum, apricot, cherry, plum, and also harms fruits and branches.