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1. Boron is an essential element of plants: Boron combines with mannitol, mannan, and other cell wall components to participate in cell elongation, nucleic acid metabolism, etc. Therefore, boron is a micronutrient element in plant energy storage and structural integrity. Boron has an influence on the reproductive process of plants. The content of boron in plants is highest in flowers. When boron is deprived, anthers and filaments are shrunk, tapetum tissue is destroyed, and pollen is poorly developed. Boron has the effect of inhibiting the formation of toxic phenolic compounds. Therefore, when boron is deficient, the content of phenolic compounds in the plants is too high, the buds and the apical buds are necrotic, and the apical dominance is lost and the branches are numerous.
Second, China's soil available boron content: Since the 1970s, China has generally carried out a survey of soil trace elements, the results show that the area of ​​soil boron deficiency of more than 40%. The content of boron in the soil varies greatly, with a band-like distribution, which is closely related to the parent material and soil type. In general, the amount of boron in the inland arid regions of the west is relatively abundant, while the amount of boron in the eastern humid regions is low. The area of ​​boron depletion is mainly in the southern red soil region, located in Guangdong, Fujian, southern Jiangxi and western Zhejiang, and the water-soluble potassium is less than 0.25 mg/kg (ie, 0.25 ppm). The boron-deficient soils in the north are mainly soils developed from alluvial deposits of the loess and the Yellow River, and are mainly distributed on the Loess Plateau and the North China Plain. Hebei Province is also one of the key provinces that lacks boron. Zheng Wenxuan reported in 1982 that the average available boron content in Henan Province was 0.25 mg/kg. There is also a small area of ​​boron deficiency in the northeastern Hubei and western Anhui. Xie Zhenjing reported in 1986 that the available boron content in the hilly areas of northeastern Hubei averaged 0.26 mg/kg, with a range of 0.13-0.65 mg/kg.
3. Symptoms of boron deficiency in cotton: When the cotton lacks boron, the leaf curls and shrinks, the top growth is hindered, the lateral branches are more, the clusters appear, the buds, flowers and bells are all abnormally developed, the bolls are deformed, and the vascular bundles of stems and petioles are damaged. The green belt will cause buds without flowers and flowers without bells.
1. Seedling stage: The cotyledon becomes smaller, the petiole is longer, the leaves are thicker, the color is darker, brittle and easy to fold, and the wilting droop is of a “y†shape (normal y-shaped leaves); Stagnation, axillary buds germinate, forming a long, small, deformed seedlings. Onset of light cotton section short shoots.
In the 1940s in China, we began to study the effects of trace elements on plant growth and development. In the 1950s began to study the content of trace elements in soil and its morphology. In the 1960s, research began on the application of trace fertilizers in production. It was found that molybdenum in soybeans, boron in rapeseed, cotton, and zinc in maize and corn increased significantly, which greatly promoted the research and application of trace fertilizers.