Wheat sheath blight is a fungal disease dominated by soil transmission. In recent years, with the reform of the planting system, the promotion of high-yield varieties and the increase of water, fertilizer and density, the harm has become increasingly serious.

In the case of southern Henan, wheat sheath blight can occur throughout the growth period of wheat, and can generally be divided into the following periods:

Winter incidence period. After wheat germination, the pathogen can be infested, and the infection is mainly in contact with the soil. Generally, the disease begins to appear 30 to 40 days after the sowing of the wheat, and the diseased plants gradually increase from the 3-leaf stage, forming a peak period before the winter.

Winter stable period. Entering the wintering period, due to the lower temperature, it is not conducive to the activity of the pathogen, the disease will generally stop

The condition is basically stable. However, the pathogens survived in winter after the wheat plants survived in the early spring and became the main source of infection.

Spring peak period. After the early spring wheat returns to green, due to the warming of the sunny day and the rising temperature, the bacteria also begin to infect and infect, generally entering the peak period of the end of February and early March; the mid-March to the beginning of April is the peak incidence of spring, but in the general year. The pathogenic rate of pathogens is less severe.

The recurrence of the condition. From mid-April to mid-May, the temperature and other conditions at this time are suitable for the spread of the activity of the bacteria, and the disease rate tends to be stable. The lesions invade the stalks from the epidermis of the wheat plants, and the internodes of the plants are expanded and connected to form a vertical extension peak with a sharp increase in severity.

The peak of the dead spikes. Generally in the middle and late May,

The pathogen will invade the stem and increase the damage, resulting in the appearance of dead spikes in the wheat field.

Practice has proved that climatic conditions have an important impact on the occurrence and development of sheath blight, and ultimately determine the extent of its damage. If the temperature of the autumn wheat is higher after sowing, it is suitable for the germination and infestation of the disease. It occurs early; in the coming year, if the temperature is high and the temperature rises quickly, the rain is more, and the humidity in the field is large, the disease occurs quickly. If it encounters rainy weather during its peak period, its severity will increase.

The microclimate and varieties in the field also have a certain impact on the occurrence of the disease: sufficient water and fertilizer, good growth of wheat, high temperature, and high humidity in the field. Under such conditions, the occurrence and spread of sheath blight is faster, and the damage is heavier. Of course.

The resistance of different varieties to the disease is also different. The Wen 6 and Wen 4 isothermal wheat varieties are more serious, and Zheng Mai 9023 is more resistant to disease.

Production has proved that different agronomic measures have different inhibitory effects on wheat sheath blight, especially in the sowing period of wheat. If the sowing is early, the high temperature and humidity will be beneficial to the disease. The relative winter infestation time is also long, the incidence is heavier. If the fertilization is reasonable, the scientific operation, the proportion of NPK is appropriate, the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer are coordinated, the wheat plant grows robustly, and the disease is generally mild; on the contrary, the multiple application and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will not only make the wheat glutinous, but also reduce it. The ability of plants to fight disease. If there are more weeds in the field, it is also conducive to the disease.

This article URL: How to prevent and cure wheat sheath blight

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