In recent years, with the continuous expansion of greenhouses and other vegetables, the phenomenon of repeated cropping and continuous cropping has become more common. In addition, the prevention and control measures have not kept pace, resulting in the growing danger of vegetable root knot nematode disease in greenhouses, which seriously affects the production of vegetables. According to the author's investigation in Changle, Shouguang, and Lucheng, Shandong, root knot nematode disease occurs in both open field and sheds. Because the environmental conditions in the shed are suitable for the propagation of pathogenic nematodes, the disease occurs throughout the year and the incidence is more severe than in the open field. Root-knot nematode diseases mainly endanger the crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, watermelons, lettuces, beans, celery, cabbage, cabbage, etc., and have become the main diseases of vegetables.

First, the incidence of conditions and symptoms of the performance of the soil temperature 25 °C -30 °C, soil water content of about 40%, pathogenic nematode breeding fast, below 10 °C larvae stop moving, above 55 °C after 10 minutes of larvae died. The soil is too dry and too wet to affect its activities. The neutral sandy loam with high topography, loose soil, and low salt content is the most suitable activity and can easily explode; the soil is wet and sticky, which is not conducive to its activity and reproduction; The longer the land, the heavier the incidence. It often overwinters in the soil with eggs and larvae as plant debris. The disease can be transmitted through soil, diseased seedlings, irrigation, flowing water, soil cultivation and other channels, and can survive in soil for 1-3 years. The site of the disease is on the fibrous roots and lateral roots. The larvae suck and stimulate stimulants in the roots, causing the cells to swell to form root-knot nematodes with varying sizes. They are initially milky white and then brown, with cracks on the surface. Roots absorb water and nutrients. The symptoms of the affected plants were not obvious in the early stage, but they were slow growing in the middle stage, the leaves had yellow color, the fruits fell off, and the fruits were small and small. In the later stages, the plants were wilted and died.

Second, prevention and control measures The disease belongs to soil diseases, a wide range of transmission, relying on a single prevention and treatment measures, it is difficult to achieve the intended purpose. We must implement the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control," based on agricultural control, and cooperate with chemical prevention and treatment to receive good results.

(a) Agricultural control measures: 1. Reasonably turn down. With 2-3 years of rotation for grasses or onions and garlic crops, there is a good control effect, and the prevention of disease with paddy crop rotation is better. Rotary cropping can greatly reduce the number of pathogenic nematodes in soil. According to surveys in the towns of Honghe and Changchun in Changle County, the diseased tomato sheds were replanted with cultivars of onions and garlic and grasses for three years. No re-planting of tomatoes was found. 2. Freeze the soil. After the crop is harvested, plow water is poured before and after the harvest, and the shed film is removed. After two months of freezing, it can effectively kill pathogenic nematodes. 3, high temperature stuffy shed. In the summer period, during the summer period, using the high temperature in the summer, digging furrows on the floor of the shed, filling the furrows with water, drilling holes, covering the mulching film, and sealing the shed for 15 days or so to make the soil 30 cm thick. The temperature of 54 °C -55 °C for more than 40 minutes, can effectively kill nematodes. 4 use disease-free seedlings. When purchasing seedlings from other places, quarantine must be conducted to prevent the introduction of diseased seedlings. This is a key measure to prevent the spread of disease. Nursery should use disease-free soil, use disease-free fertilizer, and cultivate disease-free strong seedlings. 5. Strengthen field management. In combination with site preparation, turning topsoil to less than 30 cm can effectively control nematode damage. Rational fertilization water, enhance plant disease resistance. Timely removal of diseased plant debris, and field host, centralized burning or deep buried to prevent the continued transmission of hazards.

(B) Pharmaceutical treatment of soil: 1. Application of pesticides 15 days before seedling colonization, 10% thiazophos granules per acre, or 1.1% matrine powder 3-5 kg, mix well with fine soil, evenly spread Apply the ground and then plow into the ground. After the planting, the above-mentioned medicaments, or 5% of rayon granules, 2.5 kilograms per mu, can be sprinkled in the middle of the planting line, and then the soil can be covered practically. 2. In case of local plant damage during the seedling stage of the irrigating plant, 1.8% avermectin EC may be used as a 1500-fold solution, or 50% phoxim EC may be used as a 1500-fold solution, or 90% crystals of trichlorfon 1000 times may be used to water the diseased plants. , 20-30 days after irrigation, depending on the situation, once again pouring agent. According to tests, the efficacy of the above-mentioned agents is about 90%, and it is safer.

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