The survival rate of shrimp from the pond is a crucial indicator for assessing the economic viability and overall success of shrimp farming. The occurrence of disease outbreaks in green shrimp ponds is influenced by various factors, including pond conditions, broodstock quality, and management practices. Drawing from recent production experiences, this article outlines key technologies for cultivating green shrimp and earthfish fry, aiming to provide practical guidance for farmers. First, selecting an appropriate pond is essential. Shrimp breeding ponds should have a sufficient water supply, efficient drainage and irrigation systems, good water quality, proper ventilation, and adequate light penetration. The typical size ranges from 1 to 3 mu, with a depth of 1.2 to 1.5 meters (water depth of 1.0 to 1.2 meters). The bottom should be relatively flat for easier harvesting, and the sludge layer should be maintained at 10 to 15 cm. In practice, small ponds that are used for both fish and shrimp are often preferred because they contain more organic matter, making it easier to maintain water fertility. Before use, the ponds must be thoroughly disinfected using lime or bleaching powder to eliminate pathogens and predators. Second, planting aquatic vegetation is vital in earthen ponds for shrimp nurseries. Aquatic plants not only serve as habitat and molting sites for shrimp but also act as natural water purifiers. Planting should begin one week after disinfection, once the chemical toxicity has subsided. Water should be added to a depth of 10 to 20 cm, filtered through a sieve to prevent unwanted organisms from entering. Black algae or water clover can be planted on the pond bottom at a density of 3 to 5 plants per square meter. Floating plants such as duckweed or loquat leaves can also be introduced, but their coverage should not exceed one-third of the total water surface area. Third, selecting high-quality shrimp seedlings is critical. When choosing broodstock, attention should be paid to their physical condition—healthy, active, and responsive. Ideal body length is between 5 to 6 cm. Avoid long-distance transport or over-stocked shrimps, and aim for uniform stocking in the same nursery pool. To facilitate management, adult shrimp are often placed in polyethylene cages (with mesh size around 0.4 cm). Typically, 0.75 kg of egg-bearing shrimp per square meter is recommended, along with some aquatic plants inside the cage. A 1-mu nursery pond can accommodate 10 to 12 kg of shrimp. The breeding period usually lasts from March to May, depending on local temperature and the planned harvest time. Fourth, feeding and management play a key role in successful shrimp cultivation. Here are the main points: 1. **Egg Management** After the egg-bearing shrimp are placed in the cages, feed them primarily with fresh animal protein sources like snail meat and small fish gills, supplemented with vegetable-based feeds such as tofu residue or cake flour. The daily feeding amount depends on weather and shrimp activity, generally ranging from 5% to 8% of the broodstock’s body weight. 2. **Shrimp Feeding** When the water temperature reaches 20°C, monitor the development of the eggs. Once the eggs become transparent and show two black spots (the eyes of the larvae), it indicates that hatching will occur within 2 to 3 days. At this point, fermented livestock and poultry manure should be evenly distributed at 400–500 kg per mu. After 5–6 days, rotifers reach their peak, which is ideal for newly hatched zoea larvae. To extend the zooplankton bloom period, farmers typically add 3–4 kg of dry soybeans and 40–50 kg of soaked soy milk daily, 2–3 times a day. Once all eggs hatch, non-egg-bearing shrimp should be removed promptly to avoid predation. One week later, soybean intake can increase to 4–5 kg per mu, with two daily feedings (8 am–10 am and 4 pm–6 pm). Two weeks after hatching, powdered feed made from wheat flour, rice bran, and cake flour should be introduced. Mix 2–3 kg of dry feed with 0.5–1 kg of fish broth to form a paste, and apply it every evening. As the shrimp grow, gradually increase the feeding amount. Throughout the rearing period, regular water changes are essential to maintain water clarity and prevent stagnation. The water should remain clear but not murky, ensuring a healthy environment for the shrimp. After hatching, the larvae are artificially nurtured for more than 20 days, reaching a length of 0.8 to 1.2 cm. This careful management ensures higher survival rates and better growth performance, ultimately contributing to the success of the shrimp farming operation.

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