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Greenhouses are thoroughly sterilized before sowing to significantly reduce the risk of pests and diseases. There are several effective methods for disinfection, each with its own advantages and application scenarios.
One common method is high-temperature disinfection. During the hottest part of the day, the greenhouse film is tightly sealed, and all gaps are covered to trap heat inside. This allows the internal temperature to rise to 40–50°C or even higher. The high temperature helps kill pathogens and inactivate viruses. If the natural high-temperature period is missed, a heating stove can be used to achieve the same effect, ensuring that the greenhouse reaches the required temperature for proper disinfection.
Another approach involves using pesticides. For a typical greenhouse covering 400 square meters, you can spread 1.2 kg each of 70% dicyclanil and 65% triadimefon on the ground, along with 40 kg of moist soil. Alternatively, these two pesticides can be mixed into a 300-times diluted solution and sprayed over the soil surface. After deep plowing, bait can be placed inside the greenhouse to control pests. A mixture of 0.3 kg of 90% trichlorfon with 1 kg of wheat bran makes an effective bait, which can be scattered on the ground to attract and eliminate harmful insects.
Lastly, applying lime milk to the walls is another useful technique. High-quality quicklime is mixed into a milk-like consistency and then brushed onto the interior walls and back walls of the greenhouse. This not only gives the structure a clean appearance but also effectively kills bacteria that may be hiding in the walls, providing long-term protection against contamination.
These methods, when used together or individually, help create a clean and safe environment for planting, promoting healthier crop growth and reducing the need for chemical interventions later on.