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Jujube trees have a long flowering period, during which they consume a significant amount of nutrients. If not properly managed, excessive flower and fruit drop can occur, leading to lower yields. To ensure better production, several effective management practices should be implemented during the flowering and fruit-setting stages.
First, applying foliar fertilizer during the early flowering stage with a 0.3% to 0.5% urea solution can improve bud differentiation quality. During the flowering and young fruit stage, spraying a mixture of 0.3% urea and 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate helps reduce flower and fruit drop, increases fruit set, enhances fruit weight, and improves overall fruit quality.
Second, using growth regulators and trace elements during flowering can significantly boost fruit setting. A solution containing 10â»â´ concentration of gibberellic acid or 2% chlormequat chloride mixed with 0.2% zinc sulfate has proven effective in improving fruit set rates in jujube trees.
Third, girdling is an important technique for mature jujube trees (12–15 years old) during the flowering period. The trunk, about 15 cm from the ground, is cut in two circular bands, 4–6 mm wide, reaching the xylem. This method is done once a year, starting from the base and moving upward every 3–5 cm. It's crucial to avoid girdling small or weak trees, and not to perform it during sensitive periods.
Fourth, during the flowering stage, jujube trees are often exposed to high temperatures and drought, which can cause blossom wilting. To prevent this, misting the tree canopy with water increases humidity and promotes pollen germination. Water should be sprayed before the heat arrives, with 3–4 liters per plant, repeated every 2–3 days for 3–4 times.
Fifth, topping the jujube head during flowering helps control excessive growth. When new branches reach 30 cm in length, a portion of the tip should be removed, leaving 3–4 secondary branches. This practice helps manage the jujube head's growth, reduces nutrient consumption, and encourages better fruit development.
Lastly, spraying boron during the flowering stage supports pollen activity by enhancing sugar absorption and stimulating pollen germination. Use a 0.2% to 0.3% borax solution or 0.1% to 0.2% boric acid solution, and spray it evenly on the leaves.
By implementing these strategies, growers can effectively enhance jujube yield and fruit quality throughout the growing season.