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**Wheat Stripe Rust**
Wheat stripe rust is a common fungal disease that affects wheat crops, particularly during cool and moist conditions. The control threshold is reached when the percentage of infected leaves in the field exceeds 2%. To manage this disease, several effective fungicides can be applied. For instance, 25% Propiconazole EC (such as Xuete) at a rate of 30 ml per mu, or 15% Triadimefon wettable powder at 100 g per mu, or 12.5% Diniconazole wettable powder (like Qingguo Li) at 30–35 grams per mu can be used. These products should be mixed with water and sprayed evenly across the crop.
**Wheat Aphids**
Wheat aphids are a major pest that can cause significant damage to wheat by feeding on sap, leading to stunted growth and reduced yield. The action threshold is set at 20–30% of the plants being infested with aphids, or more than 500 aphids per plant. To control them, several insecticides are available. A recommended option is 10% Imidacloprid wettable powder at 30 g per mu, or 25% Thiamethoxam water-dispersible granules (such as Aketai) at 6 g per mu. Another alternative is 50% Acephate WP (like Provis) at 50 g per mu. All these should be diluted in water and applied through spraying.
**Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Disease**
Also known as white mold, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious fungal disease affecting oilseed rape, especially during flowering. The control threshold is when the leaf infection rate exceeds 10%, and the stem infection rate remains below 1%. To manage this disease, several effective fungicides can be used. Options include 50% Carbendazim wettable powder at 100 g per mu, 70% Thiophanate-methyl wettable powder (such as Thiophanate-Methyl) at 100 g per mu, or 50% Procymidone wettable powder (like Sulfasyn) at 50 g per mu. These should be thoroughly mixed with water and sprayed over the crop.
**Potato Late Blight**
Potato late blight is a devastating disease caused by the pathogen *Phytophthora infestans*, which thrives in humid and cool conditions. The control threshold is triggered when a central diseased plant appears in the field. In the early stages, it's important to apply protective treatments. For example, 80–100 g of 80% Mancozeb WP or 30 g of 25% Difenoconazole can be used for prevention. Once the central disease is detected, more aggressive measures are needed, such as applying 100 g of 72% Coppers (like Kelu) wettable powder or 65 ml of 68.75% Fluopicolide + Fexofenadine suspension (like Silver Faly). Spraying should be done every 7–10 days, and multiple applications (up to 2–3 times) may be necessary depending on the severity of the outbreak.
These practices help ensure timely and effective disease management, reducing losses and maintaining crop health. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions and local agricultural guidelines for safe and efficient application.