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Also known as big duckweed or leeks.
Scientific name: Nymphoides peltatum (Gmel.) O.Kuntze.
Family: Menyanthaceae.
Genus: Nymphoides Hill.
Classification: Medicinal plant, ornamental plant, and forage plant.
It is widely distributed in the Ningxia Yellow Irrigation Area.
Habitat: Usually found in ponds or slow-moving water bodies.
Morphological Characteristics: A perennial aquatic herb with cylindrical, highly branched stems that grow submerged in water, often with adventitious roots and rhizomes embedded in the mud at the bottom. The leaves float on the surface of the water, nearly round or oval in shape, with a rounded tip and a deep heart-shaped base. The upper surface is rough, while the underside has purple coloration and dense glandular points. The petiole base is widened and clasping the stem. The inflorescence is clustered in the leaf axils, with pedicels extending above the water. The calyx is deeply divided into five lobes, which are lanceolate in shape. The corolla is yellow, with five-lobed apex, each lobe ending in a retuse tip and having toothed margins and fine hairs. There are five stamens, and the ovary base contains five nectaries. The style is long and two-lobed. The fruit is an oblong capsule with a pointed tip. Flowering occurs from July to August, and fruiting takes place from August to September.
Distribution: This plant is found throughout both northern and southern China.
Uses: The floating leaves and large, attractive flowers make it suitable for ornamental purposes. The entire plant has medicinal properties, including promoting sweating, clearing heat, reducing rashes, and acting as a diuretic. It is used to treat colds, fevers without sweating, measles, poor perspiration, hives, edema, and urinary issues. Externally, it can be applied to treat snake bites. Additionally, it serves as feed for pigs and fish.