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Eggshells are a rich source of minerals, composed of approximately 94% calcium carbonate, 1% magnesium carbonate, and 5% protein. To prepare them for animal feed, first rinse the shells thoroughly with clean water. Then, boil them in water for about 30 minutes to sterilize and remove any residual moisture. After boiling, dry the shells completely—either by air drying or using a low-heat oven—and then crush them into a fine powder. This mineral-rich powder can be added to livestock and poultry diets as a natural supplement. For pigs, it's recommended to include 1–2% of the total diet; for cattle and sheep, 0.5–1%; and for hens, up to 3–4%. Mixing it into their regular feed helps improve bone development and eggshell quality.
Rabbit manure is another valuable resource when properly processed. Dried rabbit droppings contain about 18.7% crude protein, 4.3% fat, and 2% ash, making it a potential protein supplement for pigs. There are three common methods to incorporate it into pig feed. First, after drying and grinding the manure, it can be mixed directly into the feed at an appropriate ratio. Second, sun-dried manure can be soaked in water to soften it before being added to the feed. Third, fresh rabbit manure can be used on the same day, with a daily dosage of 0.2 kg for piglets and 0.3 kg for growing pigs. These methods ensure safe and effective utilization of this organic waste.
Peanut shells are also a useful feed ingredient, containing fats, starch, sugars, minerals, and vitamins. They should be crushed and mixed with wheat bran or other feed components at a ratio of 10%. When fed to chickens, this mixture has been shown to increase egg production by up to 20%, making it a cost-effective way to boost productivity on the farm. By repurposing these materials, farmers can reduce feed costs while maintaining high nutritional standards for their animals.