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After germination and feeding, the grain buds offer several advantages, including a wide range of raw materials, simple production methods, high nutritional value, strong palatability, ease of use, and low cost. Moreover, they can help address the issue of insufficient fine and green bait, making them an excellent fish feed worth promoting. Rich in vitamins and carotene, these buds support nutrient metabolism in fish and enhance skin immunity, especially beneficial for pre-breeding grass carp, silver carp, and other species. This plays a crucial role in improving spawning rates, fertilization rates, and survival rates. Below are the detailed methods for producing and feeding grain buds:
First, the production process begins with selecting grains like barley or rice. These are cleaned, washed, and dried before being soaked in warm water (25–30°C) for 24 hours. Once the seeds swell, they are spread evenly on a wooden tray or similar container, about 3–5 cm thick, covered with gauze or sacks, and kept at room temperature (18–25°C). Each day, they are sprayed with warm water (around 30°C) 3–4 times and gently turned. After 2–3 days, rootlets and sprouts begin to appear. At this point, the cover is removed, and after 5–7 days, the shoots grow to the desired length for feeding fish.
Second, feeding. Grass carp, common carp, and other species readily consume grain buds. Studies also show that bluefish, tilapia, and whitebait eat them as well. The best time to feed is from late April to early November. Feeding grain buds not only helps solve the problem of scarce aquatic plants but also promotes fish growth and reduces feeding costs. It's important to feed regularly, in fixed amounts, and according to the fish’s needs. Typically, 5% of the total fish weight is fed daily. If it's difficult to estimate the fish population, check after 4 hours—if no buds remain, increase the amount slightly. If some remain, it means the quantity is appropriate.
The vitamin content varies depending on the length of the bud. For example, buds measuring 0.5–1 cm are high in vitamin E, ideal for broodstock preparation. They improve male semen quality and help female fish develop eggs, boosting fertilization rates. Buds 2–3 cm long are rich in vitamin B, which enhances appetite and digestion, making them suitable for adult fish. When buds reach 3–10 cm, they contain more vitamin A, which supports growth and disease resistance. These are excellent for raising broodstock and breeding fish.
In general, the ratio of grain buds to fish is around 3–4 kg per 1 kg of fish. Grain buds can be used directly as feed or combined with other baits to boost their nutritional value. This makes them a versatile and effective supplement in aquaculture.