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The pheasant is known for its rapid growth, strong disease resistance, and high market demand among farmers. One of the main concerns for poultry farmers is how to increase the egg production of colorful pheasants. The goal is to extend the peak laying period of hens to six months, allowing each bird to lay over 150 eggs annually—50 more than with traditional breeding methods. This high-yield and efficient technique is outlined below:
First, selecting high-quality breeding stock is essential. Female pheasants should be robust, weighing between 1 and 1.5 kilograms, with a well-proportioned body structure, good muscle development, a calm temperament, and active behavior. Their combs should be bright red, and their eyes clear and lively. Male pheasants must also be well-balanced, with strong chest muscles, vibrant red combs, loud calls, full plumage, and a weight of at least 1.5 kilograms.
Second, maintaining the health of the pheasants is crucial for extending the peak egg-laying period and improving fertility rates. Keeping the pens clean is a top priority. Weekly disinfection using a 100-fold dilution of 1% bleach or 1:1000 alcohol-based disinfectant can be applied directly to the birds. The feeders and water troughs should be scrubbed daily with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. During the peak laying season, common diseases such as white diarrhea and colibacillosis may occur. Penicillin is an effective and affordable option for prevention. A single dose of 800,000 units of penicillin can be given to 80 birds by mixing it into their drinking water. This is done once a week, helping to prevent both disease and colds.
Third, providing a nutritionally balanced diet is key to maximizing egg production. The feed should contain metabolizable energy between 1130–1150 kJ and crude protein above 23%. A recommended feed formulation includes: 55% corn, 15% soybean meal, 17% bran, 6.5% sorghum, 8% fishmeal, 2% shell powder, 1.2% bone meal, 0.3% salt, 50 mg of methionine per 50 kg of feed, 50 grams of choline chloride, 5 grams of a multi-vitamin supplement, and two eggs injected with an egg drop syndrome vaccine during the first vaccination.
Fourth, maintaining the correct ratio of males to females is important for reducing feed costs and increasing egg production. Too many roosters lead to wasted feed and frequent fights, which can injure hens and reduce their willingness to mate. Too few roosters result in low fertilization rates and stress among hens, affecting egg production and shortening the peak period. A scientifically balanced ratio is 1 male to 3–4 females.
Finally, proper feeding and management practices are essential. Daily cleaning of the coop, regular feeding, and clean drinking water are necessary. The ideal temperature range is 15–25°C. If temperatures exceed 30°C or drop below 10°C, egg production may decline. In summer, ensure good ventilation and cooling; in winter, focus on insulation while still allowing for adequate air circulation. These measures help maintain a healthy and productive flock.