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In many cases, the humidity inside the greenhouse becomes excessively high, leading to a large number of water droplets forming on the plastic film. These droplets can cause vibrations in the arch or the film itself, creating a sensation similar to light rain inside the structure. This not only reduces the transparency of the film, but also promotes the development of various plant diseases such as downy mildew and gray mold, which can negatively impact the growth and yield of vegetables.
**Causes of High Humidity**
One common cause is excessive rainfall or snowfall before the greenhouse is covered. If there is a lot of moisture in the soil or standing water inside the shed before the film is installed, the temperature inside the greenhouse may rise quickly after covering, causing the moisture to evaporate and increase the humidity level.
Improper watering practices also contribute to the problem. For example, using flood irrigation methods or watering too frequently can lead to overly moist soil, which in turn increases indoor humidity. Similarly, using open channels for irrigation introduces more moisture into the greenhouse, raising humidity levels each time water is applied.
Poor site selection can be another factor. If the greenhouse is built in an area with a high water table, low-lying terrain, or poor drainage, it can trap moisture and raise the humidity inside the structure.
Lack of proper ventilation is another key issue. The primary purpose of ventilation is to cool and dehumidify the space. Without timely air exchange, especially when the soil is wet, condensation builds up on the film, increasing the humidity and worsening the conditions for plants.
**Prevention Methods**
To manage humidity effectively, consider using pipeline irrigation instead of traditional methods. This helps reduce water usage and lowers the overall humidity inside the greenhouse.
Choose a suitable location for the greenhouse—avoid areas with high groundwater levels and ensure good drainage. Before covering the film, take steps to dry the soil if there's excess moisture from rain or snow. Only cover the film once the humidity levels are optimal.
Watering should be done carefully. Minimize the frequency and volume of irrigation, and use drip systems or furrows to reduce evaporation. Watering in the early morning allows for better air circulation during the day, helping to lower nighttime humidity. After watering, loosen the soil to break up capillary action and further reduce evaporation.
Proper ventilation is essential. Open vents as much as possible without harming the plants, allowing moist air to escape and fresh air to enter.
Mulching and drip irrigation under the film help reduce water evaporation while maintaining soil temperature and preventing compaction. Using non-drip films can also improve light transmission, increase ground temperature, and lower relative humidity.
If water droplets form on the film, wipe them off with a cloth or apply a mixture of soy milk and flour to prevent them from accumulating. Hanging a light curtain at the rear of the greenhouse can also help reflect light, warm the area, and reduce humidity.
Using dust or fog methods for pest control avoids adding extra moisture to the air, making it a safer and more effective option for disease management.
Finally, ensure proper drainage by digging ditches around the greenhouse to allow excess water to drain away quickly. This prevents waterlogging and keeps humidity levels under control.