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Vegetables grown in plastic greenhouses often suffer from insufficient light, which can significantly affect their growth and quality. Common symptoms include stunted plant development, thin stems, small and pale leaves that are prone to yellowing, poor flower bud formation, abnormal flowering, and fruit drop. The fruits may grow slowly, have a dull color, an astringent taste, and poor overall appearance. Low light conditions not only reduce yield but also compromise the quality of the produce.
To address this issue, it's essential to improve the lighting conditions inside the greenhouse as much as possible. When planting, ensure proper spacing between plants to minimize shading. Regularly clean the greenhouse film to prevent dirt and water droplets from reducing light transmission. During the later stages of growth, when the outside temperature reaches around 15°C at noon, consider partially opening the greenhouse cover to allow more natural light in.
According to experimental results, using reflective screens made of polyester aluminum film—cut into 2-meter-wide and 3-meter-long panels—can significantly enhance light intensity. These screens, hung from the top of the plastic posts and extending down to the ground, can increase light levels by 40% to 43%, raise the air temperature by 3°C to 4°C, and boost the ground temperature by 1.8°C to 2.9°C. This has led to a tomato yield increase of 41.8% to 58.1%, along with improved fruit quality.
Additionally, laying silver-gray mulch or aluminum foil on the ground can help reflect light between the plants, promoting better fruit coloring and delaying the aging of lower leaves. These measures collectively contribute to healthier crops and higher-quality harvests. By optimizing light exposure, growers can significantly enhance both productivity and the market value of their vegetables.