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Using cow dung as pig feed is a smart and sustainable approach. According to nutritional analysis, dry cow dung contains 10%–20% crude protein, 1%–3% crude fat, 20%–30% nitrogen-free extract, and 15%–30% crude fiber, making it a valuable feed resource if properly utilized. This is mainly because cattle are ruminants, and their digestive system allows them to break down complex organic materials through microbial fermentation in the rumen. Some of the nutrients are absorbed by the cattle, while others are excreted in the form of feces, which still contain usable components for other animals.
However, pigs are monogastric animals and cannot directly digest raw cow dung. Therefore, it’s best to ferment the cow dung before feeding it to pigs. The fermentation process involves mixing cow dung with other feed ingredients like gluten, bran, or grain by-products. Then, an appropriate amount of a feed fermenting agent, such as a bacterial culture, is added. The mixture is placed into a sealed container—such as a silo, plastic bag, or drum—and left to ferment under anaerobic conditions. After fermentation, the cow dung becomes more palatable and digestible, allowing it to replace part of the regular feed.
Pigs that consume fermented cow dung tend to gain weight more efficiently. However, it's important to note that young pigs and piglets should not be fed cow dung due to their sensitive digestive systems. In the diet of finishing pigs, cow dung should make up no more than 10%–15% of the total feed. Additionally, since cow dung is high in crude fiber, it should be introduced gradually to avoid digestive issues. Overfeeding can lead to reduced performance and health problems.
This method not only reduces waste but also provides an economical and environmentally friendly way to improve feed efficiency on farms. By turning a byproduct into a useful resource, farmers can enhance sustainability while maintaining animal productivity.