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Clever Use of Cow Dung as Pig Feed
According to nutritional analysis, dry cow dung contains approximately 10% to 20% crude protein, 1% to 3% crude fat, 20% to 30% nitrogen-free extract, and 15% to 30% crude fiber. This makes it a valuable resource that can be transformed from waste into useful feed. The reason for this is that cows are ruminants, and their digestive system allows them to break down complex plant materials through microbial fermentation in the rumen. Some nutrients are absorbed and utilized by the cow, while others are excreted in the form of feces and rumen fluid.
Although cow dung has some nutritional value, it is not suitable for direct feeding to pigs. Pigs are monogastric animals, meaning they lack the specialized digestive system needed to efficiently process raw cow dung. Therefore, it's best to ferment the cow dung before using it as feed. The fermentation process enhances its digestibility and palatability.
The method involves mixing cow dung with other feed ingredients such as wheat gluten, bran, or other grains. A feed fermenting agent, like "Golden Bait," is then added to the mixture. The mixture is placed in a sealed container—such as a silo, barrel, or plastic bag—and compacted to ensure proper anaerobic conditions. After a few days of fermentation, the cow dung becomes more nutritious and easier for pigs to digest.
Fermented cow dung can replace part of the regular feed in pig diets, helping to reduce feeding costs. Pigs that consume it tend to gain weight more efficiently. However, it's important to note that young pigs and piglets should not be fed large amounts of cow dung due to their sensitive digestive systems. For finishing pigs, the inclusion level of fermented cow dung in the diet should generally be between 10% and 15%.
Additionally, because cow dung contains a high amount of crude fiber, it's advisable to gradually increase the proportion in the feed rather than introducing it all at once. Sudden high levels of fiber can cause digestive issues in pigs. With proper management and careful introduction, cow dung can become a sustainable and cost-effective feed source for swine production.